Modern Qingdao Sailing (1897-1922)

Before the opening of Tsingtao, the trade between Jiaozhou Bay and coastal offshore mainly relied on sailing. After the opening of Tsingtao, with the invasion of foreign ships and the birth and development of traditional ship transportation industry,Tsingtao sailing transportation subjected to a certain degree of strike. Compared with machine-powered ship, traditional wooden sailing either unmatched in carrying capacity or the speed of transportation and so on. Foreign ships snatched the supply of wooden sailings, elbowed out wooden sailings, besides, they also did some direct destroy to wooden sailings such as robbery, blackmail, and collision. Westernization Group officials and businessmen’s changeable attitude from rejection to acceptance also have a negative influence on the sailing development. Due to the special geographical environment and sailing’s irreplaceable characteristic, modern Tsingtao sailing industry hasn’t gone to decline, instead, it’s amount and carrying capacity showed a rising trend in a certain period of time. Compared with Tsingtao, sailing amount of Yantai is more than Tsingtao,but it showed a downward trend overall, and the carrying capacity is lower. Shanghai sailing amount was more than that of Tsingtao on the whole. In terms of sources of sailing,Yantai, Tianjin, and Shanghai are similar to Tsingtao, mainly from the coastal port. As an indispensable tool, the sailing was adapted to survival, and occupied an important position in the short-distance transportation of coastal ports, and it has been developing with the development of the social economy and the expansion of the shipping industry in Tsingtao. Even so, we can’t ignore the function and the significance of sailing trade in foreign trade of Tsingtao.As a supplement to ship transportation, Tsingtao sailing transportation has strengthen the commodity exchange between Tsingtao and coastal ports,promoted the formation of a new pattern of Tsingtao port and the division of foreign trade,and played a significant role in regional commodity economy exchange. The existence and development of Tsingtao sailing industry reflects Tsingtao shipping modernization level is lower from the side angle. The process of shipping modernization is not easy, it is long and winding. There is a process for advanced mode of transportation replacing traditional mode of transportation.