Research Of Microbial Diversity Of Special Landscape In Xinjiang

In order to explore bacteria and fungi of rock layers of color hill landform in Xinjiang, and the bacteria community composition and diversity in rock varnish of Turpan Basin, a series of experiments were conducted with rock samples in the laboratory.T-RFLP(Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) was used to analyze the bacteria diversity of 5 different colors of the rock layers.16S rRNA gene library was constructed to analyze the bacteria diversity in rock varnish of Turpan Basin.Based on the bacterial T-RFLP profiles and cluster analysis of color hill landform, the Shannon-Wiener Diversity index showed that 2nd (pink) has a richer diversity.2nd (pink) and 3rd (red-gray) have the highest similarity of bacterial community structure. And 5th (orange brown) has the lowest similarity with the other samples. The similarity coefficient of bacteria among the 5 samples was 5.6%-60%. The T-RFs were compared and analysed in RDP database. Dominant bacterial populations of 5 rock samples may be Ruminococcaceae, Burkholderiaceae, iron-reducing bacterium, Shewanella, Frateuria and uncultured bacteria.Based on the Fungi T-RFLP profiles and cluster analysis of color hill landform, the Shannon-Wiener Diversity index showed that 2nd (pink) has a richer diversity.2nd (pink) and 1st (yellow green) have the highest similarity of bacterial community structure. The similarity coefficient of fungi among the 5 samples was 36.8%-68.2%. The T-RFs were compared and analysed in RDP database. Dominant bacterial populations of 5 rock samples may be Cladosporium,Pseudohydnum gelatinosum,Pleiochaeta ghindensis and so on. The bacterial diversity is high, and as the rock samples deep in color from light, the number of TRFs from the more to less, but the trend is not obvious.Result of RFLP and sequencing analysis showed that there were 23 different operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the bacteria 16S rRNA gene library, which belonged to Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Cyanobacteria respectively. Clones from actinobacteria were dominant, accounting for 67.5% of total clones in the library, followed by Proteobacteria (15.8%), Chloroflexi (13.2%), Firmicutes (2.6%) and Cyanobacteria (0.9%).70% of the library clone sequences showed less 97% similaity to 16S rRNA gene sequences of standard strains obtained by pure culture. Rubrobacter (accounts for 35%) in the Actinobacteria was dominant group and contained many species which might be resistant to gamma radiation.Bacterial and fungi diversity of color hill landform is rich, and bacterial diversity in rocks of Turpan Basin was low, but a large number of new unknown taxons existed, especially species that were radiation resistant, well adapted to high temperature and drought.