Study On Components Of Essential Oil From 9 Species Of Saussurea DC. Of The Eastern Of The Qinghai-tibet Plateau And Their Systematic Significance

There are a lot of unique plants in Alpine Meadow of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, a specific ecological system. The Saussurea plants distributed in Henduan mountain and Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and some places around them.The essential oil of 27 Populations of nine dominant species of S. stella, S. arenaria, S. purpurascens, S. katochaete, S. graminea, S. parviflora(Poir.)DC., S. variiloba, S.epilobioides, S.hieracioides from the genus Saussurea DC of the Compositae in the Eastern of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, were studied by hydrodistillation and were analysed by capillary gas chromatography and GC / MS spectrometry. The relative contents of the components in the essential oil were calculated by means of area of normalization, which were used to cluster analysis using SPSS 13.0 in order to disscuss their systematic position and phylogenetic relationship.The results supports the morphological classification results, indicated the essential oil had important significant not only for resolving classification of Saussurea, but also for ultilization of r Saussurea plants. The results are as follow:(1)There were three main essential oil compositions of S. stella Maxim in Subgen. Eriocoryne (DC.) in Saussurea: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl 2-ethylhexyl ester, cedren-13-ol, 8- and phenanthrene. And the essential oil ingredient of 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl 2-ethylhexyl ester,benz[a]- azulene and phenanthrene were abundant in Subgen. Saussuream, and they were the main ingredient..(2) There were 4 same composition essential oil of components of these 9 Saussurea plants, which were1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl 2-ethylhexyl ester, cedren-13-ol 8- ,phenanthrene and benz[a]- azulene. Each species had their unique components. The similarities and the diversities in their essential oil compositions were coexisting in the 9 speices.(3) The cluster nanlysis of 27 populations of 9 species of the essential oil compositions indicated that that the same species in same location were clustered in the same branch because the same or the similar compositions. But the same species in different locations were clustered in different branch, which indicatesd that the habitat had certain influence to the essential oil compositions in Saussurea.(4) The clustering results of essential oil components of these 9 Saussurea plants supported the morphological classification results, which suggested that components of essential oil have an important classification significance.