| Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa) is Artiodactyla, Bovidae, with the Przewalski's gazelle, Tibetan gazelle. It is an important wild ungulate, herbivorous, economic animal. Mongolian gazelle population declined sharply recently, from 50-60 million in the 50s of the 20th century to 8000 approximately now.Currently, the grassland fencing on the Inner Mongolia Grassland affects the migration of Mongolian gazelle seriously. Fencing is used as the scope of the pastoralists'proprietary surrounded by barbed wire, and is fixed in order to protect the interests of pastoralists, adapting the government policy of livestock production contracts. However, the fencing brought formidable barrier to the Mongolian gazelle's activities, such as foraging, mating, parturition, nursery, migration, and escaping predators.From the year 2008 to 2011, the researcher carried on investigation and analysis of the fencing in the Mongolian gazelle habitat in New Barag Right Banner, by the comprehensive application of Geographic Information Systems, Global Positioning Systems, Remote Sensing. In the field investigation, we investigated fencing distribution and Mongolian gazelle's habitat, through the line transect method, survey, combined with interpretation of remote sensing and GPS. The result showed that the area of the fencing in New Barag Right Banner grassland is 3457km2, accounting for 13.83% of the all regions. The fencing was more intensive in the west region than the east region. It was the most intensive in Aer hematoxylin and Edun hematoxylin. It is the more intensive in the southwest of Keerlun hematoxylin, where was in China-Mongolian border, arresting Mongolian gazelle's progress.Vegetation, vegetation cover, slope, aspect, water and grassland fencing were selected in this study, based on previous research. The special barrier of grassland fence was selected as the main factor influencing the habitat quality, and Mongolian gazelle habitat evaluation system was established. The remote sensing image interpretation was completed by the field investigation data, and from which vegetation classification types and the vegetation coverage layer measured by the normalized index (NDVI) were got. TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network) model was obtained by the resolution of the new New Barag Right Banner Digital Elevation Model (DEM),30m×30m, and slope factor of the layer, aspect factor of the layer were got. Mongolian gazelle habitat suitability assessment was carried on the New Barag Right Banner by fuzzy assignment quadrature and<Spatial Analysis> modules in ArcGIS 9.3, and the grade distribution of habitat suitability map was done. Because of a large area of grassland fencing's construction, the most suitable habitat interference by the non-fencing declined from 5969.27km2 to under 3868.88km2, and the percentage was 35.2%, Secondary suitable habitat area without the fence interference changed from 17555.78km2 to under 13066.12km2, and the percentage was 22.6%. The unsuitable habitat increased from 6474.95km2 to 13065km2 increase by 101.8%.Mongolian gazelle biological corridor was designed and recommendations about the protection and management were given based on this distribution map and the research at both home and abroad by geographic information system.It take the area of the most suitable habitat in grassland fencing influence as the core area of biological corridor. On the basis of suitable habitat under the influence of fencing in the Mongolian gazelle, a wide buffer zone should be established as much as possible. It's a suitable and appropriate area to build experimental area which is absent of interference of grassland fencing.According to the local animal husbandry and forestry department,the survey of local residents and the retrieved data from field surveys suggestions are given for improvement grassland fencing. Removing the core area of fencing, the complete reforment will be given to the buffer area of fencing,and reform the experimental area fencing partly. |
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