The Research Of Monitoring And Early Warning System In Laoshan Geological Hazards

Geological hazards monitoring and early warning is an important way to prevent disaster. Although we managed to avoid some disasters by years of research and practice, because of the complexity and harmfulness of geological hazards, monitoring and early warning is still faced with many difficult issues.In this paper, we aimed at establishing the Laoshan geological hazards monitoring and warning system combined with actual needs of Laoshan geological hazards. The reaseach was done funded by the projects"Automatic monitoring and early warning of Laoshan", and provided scientific reference for geological hazards management.This paper reviewed the domestic and international research status of geological hazards monitoring and early warning. As the study of landslides, collapses and debris flows, it mainly studied from the monitoring technology and methods, forecast method and the establishment of monitoring and early warning system.First, we analysised of geological hazards monitoring methods and instruments, and found the remote automatic monitoring is the mainstream technology.Combination of the development characteristics of Laoshan geological hazards, we establish the monitoring program: automatic monitoring system was selected for the relatively large size and high risk of hazards, and the manual monitoring or patrol was selected for other parts. Some auto-sensing devices, such as landslide force sensor, crack deformation sensor and rain gauge sensor, are laid on the place where the disasters exist, the data collecting-transforming devices and power-supplying devices are also laid as the monitoring program. The data detected by the sensor was be collected and then sented wirelessly to a remote server, and published the network after analysised by monitoring and early warning platform.Secondly, the paper discussed the prediction method and model, and analyzed the applicability of various prediction models. Based on developmental stages of Laoshan geological hazards, choose the exponential smoothing method and polynomial curve fitting of short-term prediction, and made a application comparison between two methods so as to improve the forecasting accuracy. Due to involved a variety of monitoring parameters in the monitoring process, therefore, produce correspondingly a variety of forecasting the criterion. This paper proposed the use of expert system method to combine a variety of criteria and made comprehensive judgments. The following monitoring situation can verify practicability of method.Finally, we established geological hazards monitoring and early warning system based on ASP development approach so that monitoring data and forecast information can be published to the network. Therefore, in the monitoring and early warning systems, we controll monitoring devices in site to collect data, and predict or forecast by inputting monitoring data, and publish, brows and search information.This study carried out integration of remote automatic monitoring, geological hazards early warning, and system development. It achieved truly the real-time monitoring and early warning, and had a wide range of applications.