Study Of Landscape Changing On Yancheng Coastal Wetlands Based On Gis And Ca Technology

Based on three vegetation map of study area in1980and the multi-spectralremote sensing images in three periods (1991,2000,2008),using3S technique (GPSGIS and RS), This paper extracted4periods of landscape type distribution data ofYancheng coastal wetlands; analyzed landscape evolution condition of Yanchengcoastal wetland in recent30years by making use of the landscape index and transfermatrix method; based on the landscape data of the first three periods, builtgeographical cellular automata model (CA)suited for Yancheng coastal area; usingdata of the fourth period make the model validation based on which forecastlandscape pattern condition of Yancheng coastal wetlands in2018; combiningdata,discussed the reasons lead to coastal wetland landscape pattern of evolution, andfinally put forward countermeasures and suggestions of resources protection andsustainable development of Yancheng coastal wetland. The main research resultswere as following:In the recent30years between1980-2008,the area of estuarine-water grewslowly, the area of salt-artemisia, reed and naked–mudfla reduced continuously, thearea of spartina increased first then reduced.The artificial landscape includingbuilding-land, cultivated-land and shrimp-pond increased continuously, while salt-fields increased first then reduced.The succession of coastal wetland landscapeperformed natural wetland transferred to artificial wetland mainly, succession rateamong natural wetland was slow, large natural wetland had vanished and the areasingle wetland landscape plaques became smaller, shape tended to be simplified,landscape fragmentation increased year by year.The succession of Coastal wetland landscape in the study area presented that thearea of natural landscape reduced, artificial landscape increased, plaques number hadincreased, and the area of a single plaque had been declining, landscape fragmentationhad a gradually increasing trend. Simulation data showed, the area of building-land, cultivated-land and shrimp-pond increased in2018compared with2008in study area, including the area ofbuilding-land had a growth of500hm2, the area of cultivated-land and shrimp-pondhad a growth of40000hm2; the area of natural landscape such as salt-artemisia, reed,etc still reduced. Because of the previous development and utilization, remain areawas not large, though the area of natural landscape continuously decreased in2018, itwas not previously intense. And the area of salt-artemisia reduced by3392hm2compared with2008, reed reduced by2000hm2, and naked–mudfla reduced by30000hm2because of inning. Naked–mudfla was still the largest wetland landscapetype, but with the area of shrimp-pond increased year by year, it will be the secondlargest landscape type, next be cultivated-land and salt-fields. And the area of othernatural wetland landscape, such as estuarine-water, salt-artemisia, and reed etc gotsmall proportion.Because of development and utilization of coastal areas, human made theoriginal coastal wetland landscape influence not only by natural environment factorsalso the influence of human activity and the interference, and eventually changedcoastal wetland landscape patterns of study area. The main driving force of landscapepattern evolution included natural factors, such as dynamic change of coast silting andscouring, alien species invasion, etc, human factors which was large area wetlandreclamation because of economic interests and influence of human population.In order to protect the original ecological environment and natural biologicalresources and to play out the unique ecological functions of coastal wetland, weshould control coastal wetland reclamation strictly, protect nature reserve strictly andtake measures to control the spread of biological invasion. Then achieve the aim thatdevelop while protect and protect, and finally valid protect and rational utilize coastalwetland resources and maintain sustainable development of ecological servicefunction, make harmonious development of human and the coastal environment.