Present Situation And Evaluation Of Farmland Soil Heavy Metals Contamination In Shandong Representative Region

Shandong is famous as an agricultural production province, its soil environmentalquality can affect directly the whole province's agriculture sustainable development andpeople's health. This paper aims to understand the present situation and the raison of thefarmland soil contamination by analysis and evaluation of the physicochemical indexesand of the inorganic indexes.By using the analytic methods as grid sampling method, Microwave acid‐inductively coupled plasma mass, Atomic fluorescence Miriam, PH meter, the soilsamples are collected from 46 farmlands for the physicochemical index, inorganicindicators analysis test and frequency distribution inspection. There are 5physicochemical indexes who are respectively organic matter, pH, size distributionsituation (grit, silt, clay percentage); 12 Inorganic indicators, including arsenic, cadmium,cobalt, chromium, copper, mercury, manganese, nickel, lead, selenium, vanadium andzinc.According to statistics, we have 6 values no detected in the determination ofinorganic indicator values V, the percentage of no detected is 13%. The heavy metalscontent from low to high is Hg, Cd, Se, Co, As, Pb, Cu, Ni, V, Cr, Zn, Mn. In this paper,we use single pollution index method, combined with advanced evaluation of the soilenvironmental quality standard‐ the standard value of agricultural land, to estimate thepresent polluted situation of the evaluation factors and present comprehensive quality ofthe soil environment. The result shows that, in addition to Ni, the other indicators are notexcessive, the excessive number of Ni is 1, belongs to slight pollution. And from theevaluation results, we can know that the overall soil quality is better, there is no pollution.The Ni pollution is probably because of the Ni accumulation by the usage of variousfertilizers, pesticides, plastic sheeting during the development of agriculture production.Beside this point, the classification and evaluation for the selected soil are based on thedifferent field types and different soil types. According to evaluation results, we can knowthat in these three kinds of soils, the heavy metals content in the brown soils is generallyhigh and the content in the fluvo‐aquic soil is less than in the brown and Shajiang blacksoil. The raison of the high heavy metal contents in the brown soil maybe is the obviouslyviscosity and the bio‐accumulation effects; generally, the heavy metal contents in the corn land is high, from the physicochemical view, the clay and medium silt in the corn land arebigger than in the other two types of soil, and sand is more smaller, so thisphysicochemical properties are good for the heavy metals adsorption and fixation in thesoil, and that's why the heavy metal content in corn land is generally high. This articleuses the entropy method to evaluate the ecological risk assessment and classify thesecurity, so we can discover the potential ecological risks of soil. The result shows that allmetals risk index are less than 1, the quality of the selected soil if good enough and thereis no ecological risk.