| With the tension of energy, the shortage of natural resource, and the severity of environment pollution, environmental protection has become a global problem. The production processes generate a lot of organic waste liquids, these discharged liquids not only waste resources and contaminate the environment, but also pose a threat to the health of human. In order to protect the environment and human survival from being effected, and recycle the useful substances for using resources rationally. It is necessary to do some related research on the recovery of organic waste liquids. It can produce environment benefits as well as economic and social benefits.According to the factor of property and existence of impurities in the selected two typical organic waste liquids, it screen out several methods of impurities characterization and do some experimental testing. The results show that membrane filter method to characterize solid content, ICP-AES method to characterize ion concentration of impurities, visual colorimetry and UV-Vis spectrophotometry method to characterize pigment concentration are all feasible.In order to wipe off the solid impurities,ultrafiltration membrane method has been proposed as an alternative to recover the cutting fluid. Membrane pore size 0.01μm, molecular weight cut-off 100000Da, PVC material hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane which was made of PVC material is selected through experiments. The efforts of temperature and trans-membrane pressure on the permeation flux have been researched. Under the operation condition, the temperature of 40℃, trans-membrane pressure of 0.1MPa, the steady permeation flux of 7.62 L·m-2·h-1. After ultrafiltration and measured by ICP-AES method, the ion concentration of the four major impurities Ca,Mg,Fe,Si are reduced a lot compare with the former. Indicating that regeneration cutting fluid by ultrafiltration membrane, solid impurities can get high strainaway rate.Facing the problem of cutting fluid with yellow color after ultrafiltration, it uses the method of decoloration. A number of factors which affect the decolorization rate have been discussed. The optional decolorization condition was obtained. It is: activated carbon content of 10%, temperature of 20℃, time of 8h, the solution pH of 6, decolorization rate is 82.4%, it can reach to 90% after adding 1‰of the oxidant H2O2. After treating by ultrafiltration and decoloration, the color and the contents of solid impurities of cutting fluid can reach the standard of a new one.It uses the method of flocculate-activated clay process to recover the waste lubricating oil. A flocculant is seclected from a large number of flocculants. After flocculating, waste lubricating oil through activated-clay refine, the four factors which effect the result of refine have been discussed, Finally, the optimum conditions are obtained through orthogonal test. It is: the argil recruitment is 10%, the argil contact reaction temperature is 120℃, the stirs time is 25min, and the constant temperature subsidence temperature is 80℃. The optimun regeneration results are obtained.To the question of how to deal with waste activated carbon and activated clay after decolorization and refinement. A mathematical model of multistage countercurrent extracting process has been established. Make use of the model to calculate the relationship among the number of stage, the amounts of solvent, recovery rate of cutting fluid which existed in the waste activated carbon. The optimum method is finded, which provide theoretical basics for extracting the organic waste by multistage countercurrent method. |
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