Toxic Effects Of Copper, Cadmium, Cypermethrin And Deltamethrin Exposure On Tanichthys Albonubes Lin

The present study was conducted to investigate the acute toxic effects of waterborne Cu, Cd, cypermethrin and deltamethrin exposure on Tanichthys albonubes and subacute toxic effects of waterborne Cu, Cd, cypermethrin and deltamethrin exposure on antioxidant defense system and histology in Tanichthys albonubes. The results were as follows:1. The subacute toxic effects of copper exposure on antioxidant defense system and histological structure in Tanichthys albonubesIn this study, T. albonubes were exposed to 0 (control),13.5 and 27.0μg/L Cu2+ for 14 days to determine the effects on the antioxidant defense system and histology in T. albonubes. GSH content and enzymatic activities were sensitive to copper exposure. The GSH content in the liver of T. albonubes decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the SOD, CAT, GPx and GST activities also decreased significantly (P<0.05). The histological structure lesions of the gill and liver in T. albonubes were also observed with the increase of copper concentration. The lesions including curling of secondary lamellae, epithelial hyperplasia, hypertrophy of epithelial cells, vacuolar degeneration and fatty degeneration.2. The subacute toxic effects of cadmium exposure on antioxidant defense system and histological structure in Tanichthys albonubesIn this study, T. albonubes were exposed to 0 (control),1.15 and 2.30 mg/L Cd2+ for 14 days to determine the effects on the antioxidant defense system and histology in T. albonubes. GSH content and enzymatic activities were sensitive to copper exposure. The GSH content in the liver of T. albonubes were decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the SOD, CAT, GPx, GST and GR activities were also decreased significantly (P<0.05). The histological structure lesions of the gill and liver in T. albonubes were also observed with the increase of cadmium concentration. The lesions included curling of secondary lamellae, epithelial hyperplasia and fatty degeneration.3. The subacute toxic effects of deltamethrin exposure on antioxidant defense system and histological structure in Tanichthys albonubesThe acute toxicity of deltamethrin to T. albonubes was studied using the static test method in the laboratory. The results showed that the LC50 value of 96 h for deltamethrin to T. albonubes was 1.217μg/L. The SOD activities in the gill and liver of T. albonubes exposed to 0.15 and 0.30μg/L deltamethrin for 4 days were increased significantly (P<0.05), the hormesis was demonstrated. And the SOD activities of T. albonubes exposed to 0.60μg/L deltamethrin were decreased significantly (P<0.05). Histopathological observation revealed obvious lesions in the gill and liver of T. albonubes exposed to deltamethrin including epithelial hyperplasia, hypertrophy of epithelial cells, fusion of secondary lamellae, congestion and fatty degeneration.4. Effects of cypermethrin exposure on antioxidant defense system and histological structure in Tanichthys albonubesTanichthys albonubes were exposed to 0.75,1.50 and 3.00μg/L cypermethrin for 30 days in the present study. The results showed GSH content, SOD, CAT and GPx activities in the liver of T. albonubes were very sensitive to the cypermethrin, and they can be used as biomarkers in early assessment of cypermethrin-dominat polluted aquatic ecosystems. Histopathological observation revealed obvious lesions in gill including oedema, epithelial hyperplasia, hypertrophy of epithelial cells, aneurysm, desquamation and necrosis at all concentrations of cypermethrin exposure. The observed lesions in liver included hypertrophy of hepatocytes, narrowting of sinusoids, vacuolar degeneration, focal necrosis, nuclear pycnosis, congestion and fatty degeneration.