Low Temperature Pyrolysis Study Of Medical Solid Waste

Because medical waste is hazardous waste, "reduction", "resources" and "harmless" in handling medical waste has become a major disposal trend. In this paper, a brief overview of medical waste, including domestic and international status of medical waste treatment and disposal technology and processing equipment profiles.From energy use and environmental protection point of view, pyrolysis technology has been considered the most promising solid waste treatment technology. But the research for low temperature pyrolysis of medical waste is very little. In this paper, based on research summary of typical components of medical waste (plastics, rubber, and biomass) pyrolysis, low temperature pyrolysis of typical components of medical waste was studied, and low temperature pyrolysis of medical waste furnace design and development were described. And analysis and determination of pyrolysis tail gas was done. The research includes:1. The research situation of typical components of medical waste pyrolysis characteristics was summarized. In case of fast pyrolysis and temperature programmed pyrolysis, the pyrolysis characteristics of medical waste are different. The pyrolysis reaction of some mixture, first started reaction would be affected the pyrolysis reaction at the back of the first started reaction. Especially when the heat output of first started reaction was large, the reaction after the first started reaction may be completed ahead of schedule, even incorporated into the first started reaction. And some mixture of pyrolysis reaction was not affected each other.2. The experiment of low temperature pyrolysis of medical waste. In condition of the temperature range 200³50℃, heating rate of 10,15,20,30℃/min, and using a muffle furnace heating device, the experimental samples were studied. Finally, in the case of 325℃and 20℃/min, the solid carbon product was the best.3. The furnace of low temperature pyrolysis for treatment of medical waste was introduced. It presents the flow chart of system,the composing of prototype machine,the function of each equipment. Based on prototype, the pyrolysis experiment of real medical waste was done. Through analysis and determination of pyrolysis tail gas, at 325℃and 20℃/ min, unsaturated hydrocarbon gas accounts for a large proportion of 75%, CO for 24.45%,CO₂ for 0.42%, CH₄ and H₂ content for 0 or trace. It also shows that CH₄ and H₂ were the mainly products for high-temperature stage, but also were the product gases that the high temperature pyrolysis technology to get.