Synthesis Of New Materials And Their Applications To The Removal Of Water Pollutants

The emergence of new materials has poured new vitality and vigor into the area of water treatment. Currently, researches on new materials have attracted worldwide attention of many scientists. Researchers have developed numerous excellent materials by controlling the microstructure, composition, morphology and surface modification of materials, and these new materials have been widely used in various fields. However, reports in water treatment area are relatively scarce. In view of this, the thesis is committed to the synthesis of new materials, aiming at the removal of pollutants in water environment. The focus was as follows:(1) In Chapter 1, several types and damages of the water pollutants are briefly overviewed. As well, the current applications of new materials in water treatment were elaborated, with the emphasis on the microstructure, composition, morphology and surface modification of the materials.(2) In Chapter 2, iron-zirconia nanocomposite was synthesized by a single-step co-precipitation method, which possess not only magnetism, but also a special functionality. Compared with the ordinary magnetic materials, this iron-zirconia nanocomposite has large specific surface area, high mechanical strength and strong adsorption ability. In addition, the multielement compositions endow them new features and good stability.(3) In Chapter 3, a novel surface modification method was proposed for the magnetic material. A two-step modification method was involved. The magnetic materials were first modified with C18 by chemical bonding reaction. Dodecyl mercaptan was then introduced to the C18-modified magnetic materials based on hydrophobic interaction between them. Taking advantage of the chelation between the thiol and metal ions, the mercapton functionalized nano-magnetic materials were effective to remove heavy metal ions in water with good regeneration ability. (4) In Chapter 4, a new type cage-like hybrid thiol-silica microspheres was prepared. The material has micro-scale penetrable pores and nano-scale mesopores formed in the multi-pore structure. Due to its unique structure and thiol functionality, the material was applied to the removal of heavy metal ions in water.