Apg Synthesis And Properties Of

A new type nonionic surfactant—alkyl polyglucoside (APG) was synthesized from aliphatic alcohol and glucose by Transglycosidation in this studying.The structure of the product was characterized with IR ,1H NMR and elemental analysis.Optimization of reaction condition for preparing the product was made.The optimum conditions were obtained as follows:the temperature was 115℃, the molar ratio of glucose and n-butyl alcohol was 1:4.5,the molar ratio of glucose and catalyst was 1:0.028,the molar ratio of glucose and decanol was 1:2,and the yield reached up to 97.5%.In this study, the complex catalyst which combined p-toluenesulfonic acid with pyridine was used.Compared with the traditional catalyst, the complex catalyst improved the percent conversion of glucose and reduced the time of synthesis.A new method was found out to study the aggregation behavior of the APG and mixed surfactant by spectral method. A multi-peaks Gaussian fitting on line shape of electronic absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra was used to determine critical micelle concentration (cmc) of surfactant-dye probe aqueous system. The results showed as follow:the dye probe solubilized in aqueous system as the concentration of surfactant increasing.The spectral characteristic was that the principal peak to dimmer and monomer dye probe were overlapping. The multi-peaks Gaussian fitting was used to interpret the spectra and gave the relative integrating absorbance/emission intensity of two peaks(A₁/A₂,I₁/I₂),red-shift(△λ) and half-width(w₁, w₂). A sudden change occurred in the curves of the relative integrating absorbance /emission intensity (A₁/A₂,I₁/I₂), red-shift(△λ)and half-width (w₁,w₂) versus surfactant concentration. The concentration of the sudden change was the critical micelle concentration of surfactant. The sudden change was more sensitive compared to the traditional one. Iit was the first time to find out that the half-width was sensitive to the aggregation behavior of APG surfactant.The aggregation behavior of the mixed surfactant for alkyl polyglucoside and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS) was also studied in this paper. In the mixed system, the APG concentration was fixed, electronic absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra of dye probe were respectively measured with SDBS concentration. The results were that solubilization of dye probe was not obviously. A multi-peaks Gaussian fitting was also used to interpret the spectra and gave the relative parameters such as A₁/A₂,I₁/I₂,△λ₁△λ₂, w₁ w₂. The cmc was obtained from the curves of parameters mentioned above dependence upon SDBS concentration.