Preparation And Application Of Carbon-based Solid Acid Catalyst

Biodiesel is a kind of green renewable energy, because of has the sulphur content lowly, renewable, merits and so on environmental protection to receive the attention. The Biodiesel production are mainly the zoology and botany fat and the recycling waste fat.Our country makes biodiesel with a superiority raw material of the dining- used oil, its not only fruitful in resources, moreover the price is cheap. At present, in industrial production mainly by transesterification preparation for biodiesel. But, the dining used oil's acid value is very high, the transesterification preparation for biodiesel that request raw oil acid value to be smaller than 1, must therefore fall the oil acid value treatment. Falls the sour process, in the esterification carries on, generally uses the strong acid (sulfuric acid) to take the catalyst, but has the corrosion to the equipment, and will produce the massive waste water, and the catalyst cannot be recycled.The carbon base solid acid catalyst is one new kind of the solid acid catalyst, may avoid the acid corrosion and the waste of water and disadvantageous environmental factor, can reduce the production cost. This article first has conducted the exploration-like experimental study to the new carbon base solid acid catalyst's preparation, take lived the material bamboo (pole diameter is 0.3～0.5cm) synthesized the carbon base solid acid catalyst as raw material. The catalyst samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopey (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.The experiment simulates the high acid value of biodiesel raw material using the oleic acid to carry on the gaseous esterification to fall the acid experiment, and inspected the carbonization temperature, the sulfonation time, the sulfonation temperature to the catalytic activity influence. Esterification reaction temperature 92℃, reaction time 3h, catalyst amount used for oleic acid quality 6%, vaporization temperature for 75℃. The experimental result indicated:Carbonization temperature 210℃, sulfonation time 7h, sulfonation temperature 70℃prepares the carbon base solid acid catalyst uses in the esterification responding that the conversion rate is 86.93%. The catalyst after repeatedly uses use 4 times, the oleic acid conversion rate still could achieve above 60%. Meanwhile has conducted the exploration type experimental study to the catalyst regeneration use, the experiment result that activities of the catalyst can be recovery.On the foundation in new way preparation the magnetic carbon base solid acid catalyst. This catalyst has magnetism, in the process preparation of biodiesel that toward outside increase the magnetic field, it can be control distribution of the catalyst in the reactor and the catalyst recycling. The preparation materialof magnetic catalyst with the scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and the X-ray diffractometer (XRD) to carry on the characterized,, simultaneously inspected the sulfonation temperature, the sulfonation time, the sulphur acidify quantity to the esterification's conversion rate influence. The experiment selects the temperature for 500℃, the activated carbon and the ferric oxide quantity compare 1:3, heat up 8h, obtains the magnetic material after the sulfonation temperature 70℃, sulfonation time 6h, the sulfuric acid 7ml. Uesd the magnetic carbon base solid acid catalyst makes to fall the acid experiment by participation the gaseous esterification, the esterification's conversion rate 85.82%. The catalyst of recycle rate is 96.37%, and the recycling method is very simple. The esterification reaction temperature at 95℃,reaction time3h, the catalyst amount used for the oleic acid quality 6%, the vaporization temperature for 75℃. The catalyst after repeatedly uses use 4 times, that the oleic acid conversion rate still could achieve above 55%.The catalyst stability and the activity are good. In the production of biodiesel, high acid value of raw material was explored to reduce the acid value that using the carbon base solid acid catalyst, has the very good application prospect and the economic value.