Enrichment Regularity Of Heavy Metal In The Food Chain Of Jinyang Lake Ecosystem

In this paper, by the compare of concentrations of heavy metals of the food chain, discuss the move and transformation of heavy metal in the food chain. The experimental materials were taken from Jinyang Lake's ecosystem; include environment factors and organisms in the food chain. As environment factors, Water and sediment were collected, which were the original and the most way of heavy metal into the food chain. The plants and animals in the food chain:Spirogyra, Phragmites and aquatic weed were chosen as the representative of producer. In the consumer, Bellamya aeroginosa of gastropoda and Hirudo nipponica of annelida were chosen as the representative of invertebrate. Animals were chosen, they are the representative of aquatic vertebrate, which are Bellamya aeroginosa and Pseudorasbora parva in the shoal water, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Erythroculter ilishaeformis in the top center, Ctenopharyngodon idellus in the bottom center, and the benthic Cyprinus carpio. The Waterfowl in three families were chosen as the terrestrial vertebrate. They are Ardeola bacchus, Ardea cinerea, Nycticorax nycticorax, Anas poecilorhynch, Anas platyrhynchos, Mergellus albellus, Larus ridibundus, and Larus argentatus. There are Ardeola bacchus, Ardea cinerea and Nycticorax nycticorax which belong to the Ardeidae. There are Anas poecilorhynch, Anas platyrhynchos, Mergellus albellus, and Aythya which belong to the Anatidae. There are Larus ridibundus, and Larus argentatus which belong to the Laridae.The content of Cadmium (Cd), Plumbum (Pb), Copper (Cu), and Chromium (Cr) was analyzed in the samples, and the result show that heavy metals are transported, transformed and enriched in the water ecosystem. Heavy metal contents of fish and pondcrayfish in the Fenhe first reservoir were also determined. Through the comparison of heavy metal contents in the two different water ecosystems, the pollution situation of Jinyang Lake is realized. The result is showed:1. In the Jinyang Lake's ecosystem, the contents of Cd and Cu in the water body are higher than the standard of the fishing water quality. The contents of Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr in the sediment all do not exceed Organic aquatic producer environmental requirements.2. In the producer of the food chain, because of the special Physiological structure of the Spirogyra intorta, it can enrich the heavy metal. The contents of heavy metals in the Spirogyra intorta are the highest in the plant of producer, even beyond most of tissue of consumer.3. In Jinyang lake ecosystem, the content of Cd in the different fish tissues is difference. The content of Cd in the fish in bottom and the lower level water is higher than it in the fish in the Upper water, and it in the predatory fish as Erythroculter ilishaeformis is higher than it in the omnivore-fish. Because of the short half-life period of Pb, the level of Pb in the Jinyang lake ecosystem is relatively stable. It does not have obvious biological enrichment and amplification effection. Cu is Necessary metallic elements, and the content of Cu in different tissues is Obvious differences. The enrichment degree of Cu in the aquatic plant is higher than most of animal samples. It is proved that Cu did not enrich in the animal who at the high level of nutrition by migrating in the food chain. In four kinds of heavy metal pollution, Cr is the most pollutants to water body in Jinyang Lake. The most pollution level is the chromium pollution.