Synthesis Of 2,2',4,4',6,6'-Hexanitrostilbene

2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrostilbene, as HNS for short, is a kind of sufficiently heat resistant explosives. In this paper, in order to get better yield of the existing HNS production process, we studied the factors that affect the reaction yield for a batch HNS process and two-step HNS process. At last, the best experimental conditions were obtained.The yield of the reaction which oxidize TNT by sodium hypochlorite to produce HNS was 49.3% when the temperature was 15℃and last for 2h, dosage of ethyl acetate was 2.28mL/mmolTNT, while methanol was 1.14mL/mmolTNT, the pH of reaction system was maintained between 10 to 10.5, the relative free chlorine of NaCIO was 6% and the pH was 11.5, the mole ratio of NaClO and TNT was 1.4:1.The yield of the reaction which oxidize TNT by O2 and CuCl2 to produce HNS was 48.2% when the temperature was 50℃and last for 5h, dosage of DMSO was 3.4mL/mmolTNT, while CuCl2 was 0.1mol/mmolTNT, the pH of reaction system was adjusted to 11 by NaOH.The yield of the reaction which oxidize TNT by sodium hypochlorite to produce HNBB was 80.2% when the temperature was 50℃and last for 1h, dosage of ethyl acetate was 0.25mL/mmolTNT, while methanol was 1.25mL/mmolTNT, the relative free chlorine of NaCIO was 5% and the pH was 13.45, the mole ratio of NaClO and TNT was 0.53:1, the dropping of sodium hypochlorite last for lmin. The yield of HNS through the dehydrogenation reaction by TEMPO/FeCl2 and O2 was 80.6% when the temperature was 55℃and last for 8h, dosage of DMSO was 4.5mL/mmol HNBB, the mole ratio of TEMPO and FeCl2 was 4:6.The yield of 2,4,6-trinitrobenyl chloride was 86.1% when the initial.temperature was 0℃the relative free chlorine of NaCIO was 5% and the pH was 13, dosage of THF was 2.28mL/mmolTNT, while methanol was 1.14mL/mmolTNT, the mole ratio of NaCIO and TNT was 1.4:1. The yield of HNS was 78.6% when the temperature was 25℃and last for 2h, dosage of dichloromethane was 3.5mL/mmolTNBCl, while triethyl benzyl ammonium chloride was 0.1mol/mmolTNBCl, the pH of reaction system was maintained at 11.