Structural Safety Study On Coach Frontal Impact

In recent years, coach impact safety has become the common concern. As the main means of road and urban passenger transportation, coach has many advantages such as large capacity ,high efficiency and so on, but it has a high accident rate either.Because of its high capacity ,it may cause heavy casualties and serious social effects when traffic accident happens. In order to lower the casualty rate in traffic accidents, laws and rugulations for safety of coach body structure have been promulgated internationally . To keep pace with the world, China has also carried out regulations about the safety of coach body structure strength after referring to ECE regulations. However, it is noteworthy that those laws and regulations home and abroad presently are only restricted within the general requirements of body structure ,the safety requirements of on-body devices and accessories, as well as the safety requirements of side-rolling collision, lack of the criterion and evaluating indicators on coach frontal impact. Therefore it has a great significance and perspectiveness to research on coach front structure strength and frontal impact tests.In the foundation that check the related data home and abroad,this paper takes the coach body as research object,combines the program of Ministry of Transport"Research on Bus(Coach) Performance Safety Test and Evaluation Technology in West Mountain Area"which Chongqing Vehicle Test and Research Institute has undertaken, starts off from theory of explicit finite element, makes use of analysis software of finite element, refers to ECE R29, a coach-pendulum frontal impact simulation model is created. Structure deformation, energy change and acceleration response are analyzed. At the same time, crash test chamber of Chongqing Vehicle Test and Research Institute completes the first coach frontal impact test with pendulum in the west of China. The test results show that the driver does not squeezed and there is enough living space to evacuate. Aiming at the difference between simulation results and test results, related parameters of the simulation model are modified in accordence with the test results. Final results comparison shows that the body deformation tendency fits well, simulation results and test results are very close to each other in some key parameters. From the numerical point of view, simulation result is Slightly higher than the test result.In this paper, general methods and ideas on coach frontal impact simulation research are preliminary discussed. The method of simulation & analysis by computer provides references for further study on large-scale bus body structure strength and impact safety. The completion of pendulum frontal impact test provides reliable test data for simulation verification and improvement of follow-up models, it is also helpful to the technology accumulation for coach frontal impact criteria enactment in China, and it will play an active role in promoting criteria promulgation of coach frontal impact safety .