Research On The Explosion Characteristic Of Diesel Fuel And Safety Diesel

Safety diesel is a new type fuel which can effectively reduce the risk of fire and explosion, and it plays an important role in military, fire control, transportation and so on. Based on the research of experiments, and according to the explosion test guiding formula design, the explosion characteristics of diesel fuel and safety diesel were studied in shock tube and in the infinite filed. The research was useful to form the technical basis in order to develop safety diesel. The major achievements are as follows:(1) The minimum ignition energy of diesel fuel varies with fuel-air ratio in a U-curve relationship; the minimum ignition energy of diesel fuel was 0.16MJ/m2 when the fuel-air ratio was 1.31.(2) Compared with the deflagration pressure of diesel fuel in the shock tube when the ignition energy was 0.41MJ/m2, deflagration pressure of different water content micro-emulsified safety diesel decreased by 1.38～11.43%, and decreased by 2.29% at most with the 0.56 MJ/m2 ignition energy. The results indicated that safety diesel have satisfactory deflagration performance under the constraint conditions.(3) The explosion tests of diesel fuel in the infinite field showed that there were two steps of this process:fireballs and pool fire. Suppression of fireballs and self-extinguished were proved to be the main aims of safety diesel. In order to achieve these aims, two technical means were choosed.one is micro-emulsified technology, and another is anti-dispersing additive.(4) The explosion process and fireballs of diesel fuel and safety diesel were studied by the Thermal Imager and the High-Speed camera system. The high temperature duration of FRD-3 was shortened 62.8%, and the maximum area of fireballs of FRD-4 decrease by 86.4%, and no high temperature duration compared with diesel fuel in the same experimental conditions. FRD-3 was a kind of micro-emulsified safety diesel, and FRD-4 was anti-dispersing safety diesel. The anti-dispersing safety diesel had more excellent performance in explosion suppression.(5) On the basis of experiment and analysis, Explosion suppression performance of safety diesel could be characterized by the maximum surface temperature, high temperature duration, maximum area of fireballs and self-extinguished ability.(6) The explosion suppression process of micro emulsified and anti-dispersing safety diesel was analyzed, and heat-absorbing of water was considered as the major reason which micro emulsified safety diesel could be self-extinguished, But anti-dispersing safety diesel can reduce the risk of fire and explosion come from the increase of fuel viscosity.