DNA Sequencing And Phylogenetic Study In ITS Region Of Ribosomal And Mitochondrial Genes COXâ… , COXâ…¡, ND1, ND4 Of Parasitic Roundworms From Canine And Feline Wild Animals

Canine and feline wild animals are mostly rare protected animals. Wild animals are valuable natural resources. The protection of wild animals is the common responsibility of all mankind.Ascaris is the most common and affected parasites of these animals, both wildand captive populationscan infectionand disease, thus improv e the protectionof rarewild animals Ascariasis is an important measure.Currently, the classification and identification of roundworms in wildlife animals mostly depends on the morphology and biology. To effectively control parasitic diseases, it is necessary to identify types of parasites. Identification of the traditional types of parasites was mainly based primarily on morphological characteristics. But the traditional method of morphological classification was difficult to accurately reflect the real situation in Ascaris species. The ascarids remain a major health problem worldwide and the feasible strategies for treatment are limited.In order to prevent and control the ascarids more effectively, in this study, the ribosomal genes ITS region and the mitochondrial gene COX I COXII,ND1,ND4 were used to determine the taxonomic status of ascarids from 11 species of the canine and feline wild animals(Pr ionailurus bengalensis, Felis chaus, Catopuma temmincki, Alopex lagopus, Vulpes vulpes, Panthera tigris altaica, Panther a tigris amoyensis, Panther a tigris corbetti, Panthera leo spelaea, Lynx lynx and Canis lupus). So for the traditional classification based on morphology provides the basis of DNA at the molecular level.1. DNA sequencing and Molecular phylogenetic studies of the ascarids from species of the canine and feline wild animals based the ribosomal genes ITS region and ND4 gene of mitochondrialTo investigate the taxonomic status and genetic variation of roundworms parasites on the Prionailurus bengalensis, Felis chaus, Catopuma temmincki, Alopex lagopus, Vulpes vulpes, Panthera tigris altaica, Panthera tigris amoyensis, Panthera tigris corbetti, Panthera leo spelaea, Lynx lynx and Canis lupus, the ribosomal genes ITS region and the mitochondrial partial ND4 gene of roundworms were sequenced by PCR technology based on the morphological identification, and compared with the gene sequences which have been registered in the GenBank respectively. The results showed:toxocara canis has a low difference(1.5%-2.5%) of intraspecific in different host, the variation is very small; toxocara cati has a larger difference(8.0%-12.5%) of intraspecific in different host; Toxascaris leonine has a very small variation(0-0.5%) in the canine population, and has a small variation(0-3.5%) in the feline population, but has a larger difference(8.0%-12.5%) of intraspecific between canine and feline population; The interspecific differences (13.6%-22.1%) was significantly higher than the intraspecific variation (0-12.5%) among with toxocara canis, toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonine.The phylogenetic trees show:Toxocara canis which come from Alopex lagopus and Vulpes vulpes and toxocara canis which come from dogs cluster and form a branch of toxocara canis; toxocara cati which collected from Prionailurus bengalensis, Felis chaus and Catopuma temmincki and toxocara cati which collected from cats cluster and form a branch of toxocara cati; then the two branches form a big branch of toxocara. Toxascaris leonine which taken from Canis lupus and Toxascaris leonine which taken from dogs cluster and form a branch, Toxascaris leonine which taken from Panthera tigris altaica, Panthera tigris amoyensis, Panthera tigris corbetti, Panthera leo spelaea and Lynx lynx cluster and form a branch, then the two branches cluster and form the branch of Toxascaris leonine.2. DNA sequencing and Molecular phylogenetic studies of the ascarids from species of the canine and feline wild animals based the mitochondrial genes COXâ… ,COXâ…¡and ND1To investigate the taxonomic status and genetic variation of roundworms parasites on the Prionailurus bengalensis, Felis chaus, Catopuma temmincki, Alopex lagopus, Vulpes vulpes, Panthera tigris altaica, Panthera tigris amoyensis, Panthera tigris corbetti, Panthera leo spelaea, Lynx lynx and Canis lupus, the mitochondrial partial COXâ… , COXâ…¡and ND1 gene of roundworms were sequenced by PCR technology based on the morphological identification, and compared with the gene sequences which have been registered in the GenBank respectively. The results showed: toxocara canis has a low difference(0-3.0%) of intraspecific in different host, the variation is very small; toxocara cati has a larger difference(6.5%-11.5%) of intraspecific in different host; Toxascaris leonine has a very small variation(0-3.0%) in the canine population or feline population, but has a larger difference(8.0%-12.5%) of intraspecific between canine and feline population; The interspecific differences (11.9%-24.9%) was significantly higher than the intraspecific variation (0-11.5%) among with toxocara canis, toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonine.The phylogenetic trees show:Toxocara canis which come from Alopex lagopus and Vulpes vulpes and toxocara canis which come from dogs cluster and form a branch of toxocara canis; toxocara cati which collected from Prionailurus bengalensis, Felis chaus and Catopuma temmincki and toxocara cati which collected from cats cluster and form a branch of toxocara cati; then the two branches form a big branch of toxocara. Toxascaris leonine which taken from Canis lupus and Toxascaris leonine which taken from dogs cluster and form a branch, Toxascaris leonine which taken from Panthera tigris altaica, Panthera tigris amoyensis, Panthera tigris corbetti, Panthera leo spelaea and Lynx lynx cluster and form a branch, then the two branches cluster and form the branch of Toxascaris leonine.