| Wheat is the most important crop in the world. And the breeding of wheat with new agronomic characters and research of disease resistance from chromosomal translocation plays an important role in wheat yield. While more than 70% yield of wheat is derived from products of photosynthesis, especially in high-yield varieties. Therefore breeding of wheat cultivars with high photosynthetic capacity and disease resistance is of great importance. In this study,the high-quality offspring bred by hybridization between Chuannong 1BL/1RS translocation lines and two common varieties, Mianyang 11 and AIM6,respectly. On the base of photosynthesis data, fluorescence data, and so on,we study their heterosis.While one susceptible material (661) and four highly resistant materials (658,693,696 and 699) were isolated by hybridization between MY11 and Yu25 which is fromThinopyrum intermedium.Then we analyzed thechanges of differential expression genes interact with Puccinia striifomds f. sp. tritici by photosynthetic fluorescence parameters and SSH to explore further work in application and improved prospects for translocation and disease resistance in wheat breeding. The main results are as follow:1. Chuannong 1BL/1RS translocation lines are hybridized with common varieties Mianyang 11 and AIM6, respectively. Photosynthesis parameter is controlled by cytoplasmic inhenritence.2. The analysis of Fv'/Fm',ΦPS II, Fv/Fm value and chlorophyll value shows that photosynthetic components of flag leaves of F1 have a higher photosynthetic activity and integrity during the whole filling stage of wheat. This was profoundly manifested in the good maintance of the electron transport chain in thylakoid membrane.3. Among the first filial generations, the one using Chuannong 1BL/1RS translocation lines as female and MY11 as male performe best in Fv/Fm. However, the one using MY11 as female and CN17 as male has better performance in both Fv'/Fm'andΦPS II.This may be due to the translocation chromosome in Chuannong 1BL/1RS translocation lines.4,Throughout the milking stage, the analysis of fluorescence parameters can indicate that the resistance to Puccinia striifomds f. sp. tritici in 658,693,696,699 is strongger than 661 after suffering from infection. 5,Meanwhile, the analysis of photosynthesis parameters suggests 658,693,696,699 can maintain a higher photosynthesis than 661.And the reasonable changes in stomatal conductance are made a great contribution in it.6,The cDNA library of differential expression of the genes that act on Puccinia striifomds f. sp. tritici is built by using SSH.And 73 unigenes were blast by Blast X software. Functional annotation and category showed that 30 unigenes were functionally unkown.With respect to the annotated unigenes, energy metabolism related genes and substance metabolism related genes are 20 and 7, while resistance genes are 11. In addition, both the genes involved in transport and relating to cytoarchitecture are 2.7,Photosynthesis-related proteins involved in energy metabolism was reduced in leaves, that led to a significant reduction of photosynthetic efficiency under pathogen inflection and abiotic stresses. Analysis of 693 and 661 shows that the differences of photosynthetic indexes between 693 and 661 are caused by the decrease of Rubisco in leaves of 661 and the expression level of D1 in PSⅡreaction centre after inflection.Then the decrease result in structural changes in PSII reaction centre and the disruption of the PSII electron transfer.In summary, photosynthetic components in thylakoid membrane of flag leaves in 658,693,696,699 and F1 using Chuannong 1BL/1RS translocation lines as female and common cultivars as male maintain an efficient photosynthetic electron absorption, transmission and conversion, and keep a high photosynthetic characteristics.It formed an efficient and sustained "source" and harmonious propotion of "source" to "sink" to make the fixation transport into "sink" to improve the yield. |
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