Study On Multiple Cropping And Efficient Planting Mode In Basin And Upland Of Sichuan Province

This experiment elected Wheat 9, Zhenghong No.311, Zhenghong No.6, Gongxuan No. 1 and mila as the material, Using randomized trial design, Respectively in ya'an and shehong of Sichuan Province, Froming crop combination and field structures of two aspects, Studied in different planting mode of social, economic and ecological benefits, expecting to study in our province ecological and suitable product conditions, the efficiency of agriculture and increasing farmers' income, the sustainable development of rural economy more ripe efficient planting mode. both configuration two aspects with different planting mode of two investigate the social, economic and ecological benefits, it is our province expect research and production condition, dry land ecological agriculture, farmers incomes, the sustainable development of rural economy more ripe efficient planting mode. crop combination patterns settings wheat/maize/sweet potato, wheat/maize/soybean, wheat+vegetable/maize/soybean, potato/maize/soybean, wheat/maize/sweet, potato/potato, potato/maize/soybean, potato/maize-potato, potato-maize-potato and so on, Field structure settings narrow compartments "24-06" and "28-06", middle compartment "double 30" and wide compartment "double 60".After two years field experiments of the two points, the results shows:1. Each line of wheat in narrow compartment "24-06" is edge line and the second line, with greater nutrition area and good ventilation and pervious to light in conditions, growth is good, more dry matter accumulation, stem and leaf sheaths ear storage matter of redistribution of high efficiency before grain formation, and tillering occurred early and high, effective ear periods, grain, grain much larger marginal effect and full, marginal effect obvious, can make up for wheat yield losses because of sown area reduced, and the wheat yield basic quite compared with "double 30"; And wider compartments "double 60" for wheat less edge line more competitive between wheat, the wheat yield significantly lower than "double 30" and "24-06"; The narrow compartments "28-06" although marginal effect obvious, but wheat sown area is too small, wheat yield were also lower.2. Because wheat sown area in narrow compartments "24-06" in smaller than "double 30" cropping structure, spacing in wheat and maize is increased, in favour of maize growing and strong seedling; after harvest wheat, maize linewidth is lm, corn plants are uniformly distributed in the field, rows light transmittance is higher (especially from 40cm to 160cm), more dry matter formed, in favour of formed bigger ear, thus high out put, two region on average of two years, maize yield of "24-06" is higher 8.8 percent than "double 30",wide compartment of "double 60" mode grown 4 lines of maize in 2m, ventilation and light transmit is poor, fierce competition among individual maize, all of them influenced the growth and development of maize, but the other 2m is glade, many light losses, light resource utilization rate low, and then the output low. Two regions on average of two years, "double 60" cut yield 16.3% compared with "double 30".3. Wide compartment of "double 60" mode, duing to the bandwidth of soybean high-yielding, soybean yield average relatively "double 30" higher 19.5%; "24-06" and "double 30" mode of soybeans and sweet potato basic have the same output (two region four modes average of two years, soybean and sweet potato production compared with "double 30" less than 2%), therefore various planting mode anniversary economic yield depending on corn yield. In different field construction, social, economic and ecological benefits of narrow compartment "24-06" is maximum, wide compartment of "double 60" is minimum. Taking and example of wheat/maize/soybean mode, two region on average of two year ("double 60"only one year), "24-06" mode in economic output, the output value of income, net earnings, light energy utilization, input and output energy and energy VCR compared with "double 30" thickening respectively,5.1,4.2,10.1,1.3,10.0 and 5.4 percent, compared with "double 60" increased respectively,10.4,6.6,3.7,21.2,16.8 and 10.9 percent.4. In various cropping patterns, because of sweet potato and potato for tuberous root and tubers crops, production was higher harvest than grain crops, therefore anniversary economic yield, biological yield and light energy utilization rate potato-maize-potato, potato/maize-potato, potato/maize/sweet potato, wheat/maize/sweet potato/potato and wheat/maize/sweet potato is the highest, wheat/maize/soybean anniversary yield minimum; For potato production and prices are higher and output value and net income potato-maize-potato, potato/maize-potato, potato/maize/sweet potato is the highest, the economic benefit is the minimum is wheat/maize/sweet potato; The energy of VCR wheat/maize/sweet potato is the highest, wheat/maize/soybean is lowest.