| The successful No.1 winter wheat cultiver from NEAU species makes through the history of inexistence of Heilongjiang crop can grow in the winter, change the traditional planting system and solve some of spring wheat planting problems. However, the research of obtaining higher productivity by field management and nutrition control of Heilongjiang winter wheat after winter is not explored much. Therefore, the case mainly studies two kinds of planting methods with different kinds of fertilizer periods by which brings different effects on winter wheat's flag photosynthetic characteristics after planting. This case was conducted by two kinds of planting methods, including ridge sowing method and parallel seeding method, and three kinds of fertilizer treatments consists of using urea 150 when reviving (T1), nitrogen fertilizer 150 kg/hm2 during jointing stage (T2), nitrogen fertilizer 75 kg/hm2 during reviving and jointing stage (T3) and comparative none fertilizer treatment (T0) in Xiangfang farm of Northeast Agricultural University. Through this study the author attempts to improve the nitrogen utilizing rate, increase methods of the productivity of seeds size, and provide theoretical basis for high productivity and planting management of Heilongjiang winter wheat. The results of study showing:1. Under different sowing methods, nitrogen fertilizer increasing flag's photosynthetic ability during jointing stage.Under two kinds of sowing methods with different treatments, the area of flag showing the trend from increase to decrease, when the Chl(a+b) totally open to its biggest (14d), under these two methods, T2 treatment can make the content of Chl(a+b) higher than others during the post grouting period of winter wheat, and the regular pattern of photosynthetic rate is the same as chlorophyll contents. Under ridge sowing method with T2 treatment and Pingbo sowing method with T3 treatment the wheat's Chla/Chlb quota higher than others during early period of grouting, but as its growing, the quota is lower than others, which means nitrogen fertilizer promotes the synthesis of Chlb and slow down degrading rate of Chlb's growth process.2 Topdressing during jointing stage can significantly improve quality and yield.Different topdressing stages yield significantly different effects on seeds size, especially typical to the jointing stage topdressing treatment: a fertilizer to ridge sowing and Pingbo sowing during the jointing stage compared with respective control increased 27.8%, 39.7% and reviving of fertilization respectively, compared with respective control increased 21.4% , 21.1%, reviving stage and jointing points respectively, compared with respective control facilities increased 27.7%, 26.7%; protein and component content, protein quality, sedimentation, wet gluten content, bulk density of both fertilization treatments in the jointing stage showing a best results ; less affected by nitrogen.3 Parts photosynthetic quota and productivity have internal relationships.The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv / Fo of winter wheat's Chl(a+b) in the middle filling stage and its yield have significant positive correlation; Chl (a + b) and yield have a significant positive correlation, in the interim and final period reach a significant level; Pn and yield in the early filling stage was showing a significant positive correlation; qP and yield during the early and late period of filling have a significant level; qN has a negative correlation with yield, and in the early and mid period of filling showing a very significant level. This indicates that changing the photosynthetic capacity of flag leaves can improve the yield, and different photosynthetic parameters make different effects on the yield.4 Parts of seeds size quota existing relationships.Seed's protein content and its protein fractions, protein yield, sedimentation value, wet gluten content and bulk density were showing a significant positive correlation and to a significant level, all of those are the core of winter wheat. Increasing grain protein content is the basis of improving its quality.5 The productivity and quality of seeds size planted by ridge sowing method are higher than traditional planting method.Only consider the planting way to the yield of winter wheat, compared with flat sowing, the productivity by the ridge sowing can increase by 5.8%. Under the influence of both sowing methods and topdressing period we can know that the productivity by ridge sowing with nitrogen fertilizer can reach the highest compared with flat sowing during the jointing stage, increased by 14% comparing with flat sowing with nitrogen fertilizer, which is the best way. At the aspect of improving its quality, we can know that ridge sowing is better than the traditional flat sowing, especially significant during jointing period with nitrogen fertilizer. |
