Transpiration Of Fuji Apple Tree In The Weibei Plateau

Weibei Plateau is the best suitable area for Apple. However, the lack of reasonable irrigation and fertilization management results in that Fuji apple trees yields is low and unstable in this region. Therefore, this study continuously monitored the diurnal variation of apple trees transpiration in the two years of period using thermal-dissipation probe. It revealed the characteristics of transpiration based on Fuji Apple tree on the Weibei plateau. It is aimed at providing the necessary theoretical basis of water ecology for the apple production in this region. Through research and analysis, some basic conclusions drawn are as follows:(1) Types of apple trees under different weather there is a big difference in sap flow. Transpiration rate in the sunny apple trees showed a single peak curve change. In the cloudy apple tree transpiration rate changes show a lower level of multi-peak curve. Transpiration rate of apple trees in the rain at irregular changes Variation of multi-peak curve. The overall value of transpiration rate in overcast,rainy days is lower than that in a clear-cloudy day.(2) Monthly variation of apple trees transpiration has a significant diurnal variation; basically each month showed a single peak curve. However, due to different physiological conditions of apple trees and different weather, the start and end time, maximum and the maximum value of the transpiration rate in each mouth have some differences.(3) Annual variation of apple trees transpiration showed a single peak curve. In 2008 the average daily transpiration rate is 0.59L/h; in 2009 the average daily transpiration rate is 0.65L/h; in 2010 the average daily transpiration rate is 0.69L/h. Cumulative curve of the apple tree at "S" type. In 2008, the average daily transpiration is 14.32mm. In 2009, the average daily transpiration is 14.34mm. In 2010, the average daily transpiration is 14.37mm.(4) Diurnal transpiration of apple trees showed distinct diurnal variation characteristics. In July and August transpiration throughout the year is the largest. In May,June,July and August is the major water demand period of apple trees. This time is young fruit time and expanding period and transpiration is also the largest.(5) Apple trees transpiration under different treatments is in the performance of that its start time, peak time and the curves are similar in different mouths. But the peaks of the size and amount of daily transpiration have some differences. Within one year of growth in apple trees, the potential transpiration is larger than the apple tree transpiration under non-irrigation. In particular, the biggest difference between transpiration is in July. In 2008,2009 and 2010, transpiration of apple trees under full irrigation conditions is less than that under non-irrigation conditions.(6)Transpiration of Fuji apple trees under different treatments in the May-October showed that the maximum one is the organic fertilizer applied 95kg, followed by the organic fertilizer applied 150kg, the third one is the organic fertilizer applied 40kg, the smallest one is for the no fertilizer, and other months have little effect.. Transpiration of apple trees under different treatments in the young fruit stage and expanding period has the biggest difference; other growth cycle was less affected.(7) Apple trees under inorganic fertilizer treatment W2 (Urea 1kg / strain, SSP 1.75kg / strains, potassium 1.25kg / strains) almost all year round on transpiration than that under inorganic fertilizer treatment W1 (1.5kg / strains, SSP 2kg / strains, potassium 1.25kg / strains). Transpiration of apple trees under Inorganic fertilizer is greater than that under non-fertilization. Fuji apple tree yearly transpiration under inorganic fertilizer treatment W1 is less than that under inorganic fertilizer treatment W2. Apple tree under inorganic fertilizer treatment W2 can better absorb water and reduce water deficit.(8) In the test years, the precipitation is difficult to meet the potential transpiration of apple trees. In Feb.,Jun. and Sep. of 2008, in Feb.,May.,Jul.,Aug.,Sep.,Nov. of 2009 and in Apr.,Jul.,Aug.,Sep.,Oct. of 2010, water supply and demand balance. Water supply and demand in other months highlights contradictions, Water supply should be strengthened. In 2008, yield per plant under the full irrigation treatments more than that under the non-irrigation treatment 11.70kg; in 2009, the former more than the latter 5.16kg; in 2010, the former more than the latter 15.45kg. Tree growth and development through irrigation to meet the requirements for water can improve apple production.