Study On Drip Of Regulated Deficit Irrigation Of Facilities Delay Cultivation Grapes

Regulated deficit irrigation experiment about drip irrigation autumn-prolonging cul- tivation of facility grape was studied in Zhangye Water Authority Irrigation Experiment Station in GanSu during May to October in 2010. Experiment was composed of six treat- ments at different growth stages in the same levels deficit conditions, regulated deficit F-Ⅰtreatment in germination stage, regulated deficit FⅡtreatment in flowering period, re- gulated deficit FⅢtreatment in pumping vine period, regulated deficit FⅣtreatment in fruit enlargment period, regulated deficit FⅤtreatment in coloring maturity period and the sufficient irrigation control CK treatment. The results showed that:(1) In the whole growth period of the facility grape delay cultivation, the regulated deficit treatment has a greater impact on soil moisture content of germination stage, whi- ch increases with the increase of soil depth, soil moisture content also has some impact in pumping vine stage, so the soil moisture content curve of FⅡtreatment is inconsistent with the other treatments; during flowering, fruit enlargement, coloring maturity periods, the regulated deficit treatment has a lower impact on soil moisture content.(2) Under the drip irrigation conditions, the largest plant population, leaf area, evap- oration, transpiration and most vigorous plant growth were owned by fruit enlargement period of the facility delay grape cultivate, the WRR is 12.25m~3/hm~2·d. The WRR of RDI treatment always bolw the CK treatment in every growth period.(3) The changes on soil temperature about the facility grape delay cultivation in the verti cal profile under drip of regulated deficit irrigation conditions (flowering stage): The temperature of the regulated deficit treatment is higher than the sufficient irrigation; during all treatments, dairly soil temperature in different depths change at the same trend, first increased and then decreased. Overall, dairly soil temperature flutuation range is more bigger in surface soil, while the 20cm, 25cm at the flat trend of changes. It has a significant lag in solar radiation.(4) The changing of soil temperature about facility delay grape before or after irriga- tion: Soil temperature change curve shape in every time is basically similar before or aft- er irrigation, under the effect of the water, the soil temperature could be decreased in eve- ry treatment after irrigation. The time order of the soil temperature reduced rate within a day is 8:00>14:00>20:00.(5) The test made the proposed and regression analysis on the soil temperature and air temperature for grape growth period in average daily, we find out that: the relation of daily average soil and air temperature for the 5cm and 25cm is very closed, and takes a positive linear correlation.(6) During the water treatment after germination stage, vine diameter is increasing with the extension of growth period, but the growth rate in each treatment varies. The pl- ants of deficit treatments reflect rewatering phenomenon after drought stress, but the eff- ect of rewatering in the early stage is much better than the late. The effect of rewatering of FⅠ, FⅡtreatments is the best, and the final vine diameter has no significant differenc- e with CK treatment.(7) LAI changes in different treatments at all growth stages shows single peak curve, LAI peak appears in fruit enlargement period. Afterwards leaves began to decline, leaf area index began to decline, and leaf area index largest differences appears in fruit enlargement period.(8) Grape yields in FⅠtreatment with CK treatment have no sexual difference (P>0.05), and the yields of the FⅡ, FⅢ, FⅤ, FⅣtreatments are lower than CK treatment, and they have sexual difference (P>0.05). The yields in FⅠtreatment increases slightly compared with CK treatment, but the water consumption is reduced compared with CK 288.69m~3/ hm~2. (The results shows that the water deficit imposed on active (55%~60%) under the drip irrigationin grape bud adapt to the experiment range for delay and the high grape yield is the best water environment.), and effectively use their own physiological regulation and compensation.(9) The quality of grapes meets the demands, good tasting; decifit irrigation of fruit enlargement period can improve soluble-solids and titratable acidity contents, decifit irrigation of maturing period can im- prove total sugar and anthocyanin contents.(10) Considering the yield, economic benefits, plants growth indices and water consumption, we find that FⅢtreatment has the best net income, but it uses more water and has bad growth indices compared with FⅠtreatment. Therefore, in actual production practice, we encourage the FⅠtreatment, which has higher WUE and more net benefits .