Studies On The Flower Color Mechanism And The Cross Compatibility Of Some Wild Lilies In China

Lilies (Lilium spp.) are the general name of the flowers in Lilium, which were loved bymany people, and have rich flower colors, graceful styles and nice implied meanings. China isrich in the resources of wild lilies, but the study on pigment resources of wild lilies had not beenreported. So, the study chose some wild lilies in China as the experimental materials, which wereused for measuring flower colors and analyzing pigment compositions. Then, the paper hadimplemented a further analysis for the pigments of the purple and orange lilies by using highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Meanwhile,the study prepared many cross combinations and analyzed the cross compatibility of wild lilies inChina for the cultivation about novel flower color lilies. The study led to the conclusions asfollows.(1)By measured flower colors,13species wild lilies weredivided into orange,purple,white and yellow color system. And by specific color reactions and UV-visible spectra scanning,flower pigments were measured. The results indicated that the colors of lilies were usually causedby the combined action of several pigments. All lilies contained flavonoids. Pigments in tepalspots of lilies were anthocyanins. In addition, orange lilies mainly contained carotenoids, purplelilies mainly contained anthocyanins, and yellow lilies and white Lilium longiflorum containedsmall amount of carotenoids.(2)Qualitative analysis was done to determine the types of anthocyanin in purple lilies byHPLC. The results showed that anthocyanin of Lilium speciousm 'gloriosoides' and Liliumcernuum were cyanidin. By TLC analysis of carotenoids in orange lilies, the study showed thatorange lilies had complex pigment compositions. The expression of flower colors was mainlycaused by several kinds of carotenoids, which included β-carotene, capsorubin, zeaxanthin andγ-carotene.(3)The research chose Lilium orential 'Sorbonne' as the experimental materials, studiedthe optimum culture solution for pollen germination by orthogonal experiment about lactose,H3BO3, and CaCl₂and comparative experiments of adding different metal ions. The optimumculture solution was lactose (50g·L^-1)+H3BO3(30mg·L^-1)+CaCl2(40mg·L^-1)+Fe₂(SO₄)3(50mg·L^-1)+KNO₃(200mg·L^-1)+MgSO4·7H2O (100mg·L^-1). Meanwhile, the formula was usedfor determining the pollen viability of male parents in lily hybrids. The results showed that thepollens had a high pollen vitality.(4)The study selected13species wild lilies in China as hybrid parents, and used delayingpollination and cut-style pollination methods. The hybrid seedlings were obtained from embryorescued by tissue culture technique. The study prepared10selfing combinations and80cross combinations. The study obtained6selfing seedlings and11hybrid seedlings. The results wereas follows. Lilim leichtlinii and Lilium davidi'unicdor cotton'showed self incompatibility. Thegenetic relationship had a certain influence for the hybridization compatibility of lilies in thesame or different sections. And to most hybrid combinations, delaying pollination was moreeffective than cut-style pollination. Embryo rescue technology improved the seeds germinationand seedlings survival in lily hybrids.