| Cherry is a common economic fruit in China. The most widely cultivated species, including the European cultivar of sweet cherry (Cerasus. avium (L). Moench), the European cultivar of the sour cherry tree (C. vulgaris Mill.), the China cherry (C. pseudocerasus (L).G. Don). The sweet cherry was especially suitable for cultivation in Zhejiang, because of the good economy and prosperous market. In the subtropical areas, the stresses of high temperature, submergence and the short-time drought are very common. It is well known that grafting can join scions with desirable qualities to root stock. Just as resisting drought, submergence and temperature stress. Thus, screening rootstocks tolerant to the stresses are especially important for sweet cherry cultures. In this thesis, the sweet cherry of 'Zaodaguo' grafted on different stocks were used as plant materials, physiological characters and leaf anatomic structures were selected to evaluate the resistances to the stresses.Under droght stress, the greatest decrease in the photosynthetic indexes occurred in seedlings grafted on 'colt'. The smallest decrease was observed in seedlings on BenXiShanYing. Through membership function analysis based on the 11 photosynthesis indexes, the drought resistance capacity of the four cherry rootstocks was sequenced as:'benxishanying', 'jianzuihongying', 'laiyangaiying' , 'daqingye' and 'colt' ; the leaf structure also showed the similar sequence of drought endurance. The drought-resistance grafting of sweet cherry named with 'benxishanying' have thicker leaf, thicker stockade tissue, higher ratio of stockade tissue thickness to sponge tissue thickness and higher stoma density. The drought resistance of four kinds of rootstock of cherry was evaluated by collecting 14 indexes of anatomical structure of leaves. And then, by principal components analysis and subordinate function, the 14 significantly different drought-resistance indexes could be classified in to 3 componentparts. The capacity of drought resistance was sequenced as follows: 'benxishanying', 'jianzuihongying','laiyangaiying','daqingye'and'colt'.Under submergence stress, the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, the content of chlorophyll, qP and Fv/Fm of 'colt' was significantly lower and qN content were significantly higher, when comparing with other four grafed seedlings. Through membership function analysis, the submergence resistance capacity of the five cherry rootstocks were sequenced as:'colt', 'benxishanying','daqingye','jianzuihongying', and'laiyangaiying'. And then, by principal. components analysis and subordinate function analysis, the rootstock of 'colt'was found the most tolerant to submergence stress among the 5 rootstocks.The high temperature resistance of five kinds of rootstock of cherry was evaluated by collecting 11 physiological indexes. And then, the results analysed by subordinate function show that:The capacity of high temperature stress among the five kinds of rootstocks is as follows:'daqingye','cote','jianzuihongying', 'laiyangaiying','benxishanying'. Under high temperature, the results showed that the differences among leaf thickness, stockade tissue thickness, ratio of stockade tissue thickness to sponge tissue thickness, stoma density were significant. The high temperature-resistance grafting of sweet cherry named with'daqingye'have thicker leaf thickness, thicker stockade tissue thickness, higher ratio of stockade tissue thickness to sponge tissue thickness and thicker stoma density. While in the seedling grafted on'Benxishanyin', the relatively thermal sensitive rootstocks, its cells in palisade tissue were smaller and loosely dispersed. The gaps among cells of spongy tissue were enlarged and the structures were damaged. Through principal components analysis and subordinate function analysis, the capacity of high-temperature resistance were sequenced as:'daqingye','cote','jianzuihongying','laiyangaiying', 'benxishanying'. |
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