| The effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on the expression of Immune related genes in GIFT strain of Nile tilapia were studied in the present study to determine the optimum level of TCM on GIFT strain of Nile tilapia and explain the mechanism, explore the feasibility of GIFT strain of Nile tilapia used in healthy fishery culture.Health GIFT strain of Nile tilapia (initial weight: 19.62±0.06 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups, each groups were fed with scientific method and management. The control group were fed with the feed without TCM, 0.5 group, 1.0 group, 1.5 group and 2.0 group were fed with the feed which was added with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% of TCM. TCM were made up of Astragalus membranaceus, Radix Angelica, Radix Glycyrrhizae and other Chinese herbs. In the present study, the expressions of three mimune related genes, including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and heat stress protein 70 gene(Hsp70), in liver, spleen, gill, thymus and head kidney of GIFT strain of Nile tilapia were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction at 7th, 14th, 21th and 28th day post-feeding. The GIFT strain of Nile tilapia were challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila (1×10~8 cfu/mL) at the end of experiments to determine the protective rate of TCM.The results can summarized as follows: The expression of IL-1β, TNF-αand Hsp70 in GIFT strain of Nile tilapia could be induced by the traditional Chinese medicine. After feed with CTM, the expressions of IL-1βin head kidney of each dose group were significantly higher than those in control group. Compared to the control group, the expression of IL-1βin head kidney, spleen, gill and thymus were significantly up-regulated because of the 1.5% and 2.0% of traditional Chinese medicine on the 7th day. The highest expression of IL-1βin gill of the group fed with 0.5% of TCM on the 14th day. At the 28 days of post-feeding with 0.5% of TCM, the expressions of IL-1βin spleen and gill were significantly higher than those in control group.The dose of 2.0% of TCM significantly increased the gene expression of TNF-αin head kidney, spleen and thymus when compared with control group on the 7th day. In the spleen, the TNF-αexpression could be induced by 1.0% of traditional Chinese medicine throughout the experiment, and the highest expression of TNF-αgene appeared on the 14th day. At the 28th day of post-feeding with 0.5% of TCM, the expressions of TNF-αin spleen, liver,head kidney and thymus were significantly higher than those in control group. The expression of TNF-αin head kidney, spleen and thymus could be significantly enhanced by 1.5% of TCM throughout the experiment.The dose of 1.5% and 2.0% of TCM could significantly enhanced the expressions of Hsp70 in the spleen, head kidney, gill and thymus on the 7th day. With 0.5% of TCM, the expression of Hsp70 in head kidney, liver, spleen, gill and thymus were significantly increased compared with control group on the 28th day. With 1.0% of TCM, the highest expression of Hsp70 in thymus on the 28th day. No significant change was observed in the gene expression of Hsp70 in the liver between the 1.0 group and the control group throughout the experiment. The highest(61.6﹪) immune protection rate appeared in 2.0 group, followed by the 1.5 group(53.8﹪).These results indicated that adding 1.5%-2.0% of TCM to feed on the tilapia could induced the expression of IL-1β, TNF-αand Hsp70 in head kidney, liver, spleen, gill and thymus ,and the highest expression of TNF-α,IL-1βand Hsp70 gene appreared on 7th day in most tissue of the high-dosage groups, but for most of the low-dosage groups appeared the maximum on the 28th day, and improve the GIFT strain of Nile tilapia disease-resistant ability. |
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