| Loess Plateau is the important dry farming area of North China,.and resulting in land degradation,the ecological environment further deterioration and lead to soil erosion for turning too times on top soil of traditional farming methods. By changing the cropping pattern to change agricultural ecological environment,reduce soil erosion caused by agricultural production,improve the productivity of dry land agriculture and water efficient use,and enhance upland soil erosion on the adverse environmental effects of the external resistance. In order to discover the implementation model of conservation tillage technology of spring maize in the Loess Plateau.2006-2009,this research continuous positioning in huangling county of Shaanxi province,set 3 farming modes:tillage (NT),conventional tillage + straw ( TS) and conventional tillage (CT). In order to discover the effects of conservation tillage of spring maize yield and soil moisture,nutrient in Loess Plateau,cropping patterns by studying the effects of different growth stages of spring maize in soil water moisture and storage,dynamic of nutrients and yield of Spring maize,the main conclusions are as follows:(1) 4-years continuous experiment showed that soil moisture of NT treatments as a whole deal better than TS and CT treatments. In 2008,compared with conventional tillage with CT,soil water content showed NT> TS> CT;Soil moisture of NT treatment an average 3.6% higher than CT at jointing stage;At filling stage,the increase of soil layer containing of NT and TS than CT about 10%;Soil water storage of NT treatments above the TS processing an average of 1.3-8.5%,2.3-10.0% higher than the CT treatment at 0-200cm. In 2009, Soil moisture of NT treatment on average of 7.07% higher than CT in the spring corn jointing stage at 0-200cm,and higher than TS and CT treatments of an average increase of 3.12% and 27.02%.in Flare opening,soil water storage of NT treatment was the highest at the Maize growth stages of 0-200cm, higher than CT an average of 219.66mm;compared with CT treatment, NT and TS treatments were increased by 7.65% and 2.33%.(2) Compared with CT,NT treatment increased the soil organic matter content of maize milky,mature and after harvest of 0-20cm,and increased by an average organic matter content of 14.63% in the whole growth period of maize;Organic matter content was increased 8.76%.of NT treatment at the stages of 20-40cm. NT treatment increased the soil nitrogen content between Flare opening to harvest of corn at 0-20cm,and increased by an average of 12.89%,and increased soil nitrogen content than CT the average of 3.98% in the whole stages but the Milky stage;NT treatment increased the soil available phosphorus content of Flare opening to harvest at 0-20cm,it increased 9.30% and increased about 30.26%.at 20-40cm;NT treatment increased soil available potassium than CT by an average of 11.12%,and 13.41% at 20-40cm.(3) Compared with CT,NT treatment increased maize ear length, ear diameter, rows per ear, kernels per row, grain number and grain weight of Spring maize,and BJG was the best of NT treatments. Maize yield per plant and field were increased more than 25.00% under NT treated,BJG increase as high as 42.00%,compared with CO and BO,BJG was more the extent of yield was 4.00% and 16.00%. |
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