Study On Landscape Allocation Model Of Watershed Based On Protection Of Water Resource

According to landscape features of Yangyuhe watershed, in this paper, three typicalwatershed were selected and extracted information of land use as the platform of3S. Thestatus of the landscape pattern was analysised according to the landscape ecological theory.The spatial and temporal variation characteristics in each small watershed of Yangyuhewatershed were monitored by the experiments of water quality. Landscape features on theinfluence of water quality was used by multiple linear regression statistics analysis. The landuse configuration problems were raised through the analysis of three typical watershed. Thelandscape ecological planning theory based on the water resource protection was brought inlandscape pattern optimized scheme. The main results were as follows:1) Yangyuhe watershed is divided into three major functions of type Based on the landuse types. The landscape elements of watershed was divided into farmland, orchards, shrub,forest, meadow (badlands, grass), residential land, road and bare land. Niuer watershed isecological protection type landscape, plays the landscape ecological protection, with a totalarea of43.35km~2. The area of woodland is larger by farmland. The Patch fragmentationdegree is low and maintain the integrity of the landscape. Yehou watershed belongs toeconomic productive landscape, and plays to the function of the economic productionlandscape, with a total area of15.97km~2, land uses were mainly shrub and orchards. Thelandscape patch fragmentation degree is high, and the landscape integrity is poor. Nangouwatershed belongs to life service landscape, and provides the service function of lifelandscape, with a total area of55.08km~2, land use is mainly farmland, landscape patchfragmentation degree is lowest.2) The landscape pattern of analysis showed that, in Niuer watershed, the forest isadvantage landscape, forest and thickets landscape of edge split degree is higher, thelandscape of watershed is reunion but not adjacent to each other. The orchard is advantagelandscape in Yehou watershed, and orchard in the whole watershed are scattered andrespective. Landscape elements in Yehou watershed are scattered and not adjacency. Thefarmland is advantage landscape in Nangou watershed, and the distribution of farmland islarger and concentrative.The edge density of landscape is small, and landscape elements areconcentrated and adjacent to each other. 3) Through the landscape patterns and water quality analysis, the indexes of CODCr,,BOD5and TP are higher in Niuer watershed, and the water quality standards is Ⅳ, the maininfluential factor is small distribution and tied for index. The indexes of TN,NH4+-N andNO3—N are higher in Yehou watershed, and the water quality standards is Ⅳ, the maininfluential factor are big distribution and tied for index and dominance index. TP of Nangouwatershed index is higher than the other two watershed, and water quality standards is Ⅳ, themain influential factor are big separating degree and advantage degree.4) Based on the water resource protection, the farmland is decorated in the upstream ofNiuer watershed, or strengthen protection measures on both sides of the watershed, thefarmland landscape can be decorated in some other types of 'sink' landscape such as forest,grassland, shrub land, etc. Orchards will be converted into the grass or forest land andstrengthen the use of idle patches in Yehou watershed. Many scattered and small patches ofbadlands are converted into the lawn, and make a tight pattern in the whole landscape. InNangou watershed,'source' landscape near water and low altitude convert into 'sink' landscape,or 'source' landscape will decorate in upstream watershed. Most of small patches should beused effectively, and change them to 'sink' landscape.