Genetic Analysis And Preliminary Localization Of Some Biological Traits Of Apple

Apple is one of the widely cultivated species of fruit trees in northern China, its area andoutput are ranked first in the country. Breeding new cultivars adapted to ecological conditionsin China with good agronomic traits became an important topic of the current apple breedingresearch. Study of apple's traits, understand these traits genetic rule is for apple breedingparent selection matching, hybrid offspring of early selection and provide a theoretical basis,so as to speed up China's apple breeding process.This research takes Qinguan×Fuji hybrid F1groups in158strains as the materials,studied the inheritance of biological traits, conducted a correlation analysis of those biologicaltraits and preliminary localization of partial traits of apple.The study found that, in the offspring groups of the Qinguan and Fuji, the phenotype ofthe leaf apex shape and leaf margin shape were3:1segregation ratio, while the foliar status,foliar pubescence, tree body color, new shoot color and new shoot lenticel shape were in linewith the1:1segregation ratio.The study of18biological traits in Qinguan and Fuji hybrid offspring groups are widelyseparated, showing a continuous variation trend, can be initially determined that they belongto the inheritance of quantitative traits.The average values of the trunk diameter, leaf length, leaf width, leaf size, petiole length,petiole diameter, petiole index, new shoot length, new shoot diameterin the Qinguan and Fuji offspring groups are below the pro-value, and appeared thephenomenon of low affinity, showed obvious traits degradation, while spur rate and new shoottaper showed obvious ultra-high parent heterosis. The coefficient of variation of the longbranch number, spur rate, branch number, new shoot taper is larger, with a larger fine geneticselection potential. Leaf index, leaf length, leaf width and other characters of the smallercoefficient of variation, selection of superior genetic type potentials are small. The heritabilityof the leaf index, average internode length, new shoot taper, branch number and other traitswas larger, in genetically stable. The heritability of new shoot length, petiole index, leaf sizeis small, the genetic instability.There was significantly positive correlation was found between plant height, trunkdiameter, leaf size, new shoot length, new shoot diameter, petiole length, leaf length, leafwidth and most of the characters. While the branch number, new shoot taper, spur rate, height, diameter ratio with most of the traits showed significant negative correlation. Branch anglehad a significantly positive correlation with leaf width, and was significantly negativecorrelation with petiole length, petiole index, while the correlation with other traits was verysmall.Leaf state, foliar pubescence, the tree body color, new shoot color and new shootlenticels shape five quality traits were located in the genetic linkage map of apple, previouslyconstructed by our laboratory.