Influence Of Warm Winter And Cold Winter Year On Wintering Ability And Heading Stage And Changes Of Response To Temperature And Light In Winter Wheat

The breeding of new eurytopic wheat species needs not only have strongoverwintering ability in the warm winter, cold winter climate change conditions, butalso combine with the type of high yield, light response to photo-temperature, so as torealize the high yield, stable yield of wheat under the condition of climate change inthe greater area.In this study, wheat breeding materials F₆—F₇in Hebei Normal University ofScience and Technology were adopted, each generation has275copies totally. Theidentification of dead degrees and heading stage difference was made to search thevariation regularity of in warm winter and cold winter and response tophoto-temperature in2008—2009(warm winter years) and2009—2010(cold winteryears). Physiological and biochemical indexes of wheat varieties about the life-formindex, conductivity, proline content and so on were determined in the Yangtze RiverBasin, the Yellow River Basin and North China Plain. Evaluating evolution rules ofwheat variety wintering ability and response to photo-temperature from south to northin China. This study reached the following conclusions:1. Cold winter years made wheat heading stage have hysteresis in varyingdegrees. Compared2008—2009(warm winter years) with2009—2010(cold winteryears), the wheat heading date of2009—2010was delayed for7to14days, andforming a significant difference in2008—2009. Research showed that thevarieties(lines) whose difference was smaller the response to photo-temperature was moreslower, Therefore, when warm winter years alternated with cold winter years, theselection of the small difference material favored the breeding of new eurytopic wheatspecies.2. The research of physiological and biochemical indexes of18representativewheat varieties about the life-form morphological parameter, conductivity and prolinecontent showed that the depth of wheat tillering node into the earth was more andmore deep, conductivity was more and more small, proline content was more andmore high from south to north in China. The correlation coefficient between the depthof tillering node into the earth and overwintering death rate was-0.6185whosedifference was very significant, the correlation coefficients between the depth oftillering node into the earth and conductivity or proline content were-0.6723and-0.6359respectively, their differences were very significant, too. Studies showed that the selection method of the depth of tillering node into the earth was intuitive andreliable.3. Two nursery methods of winter and spring which was used to identifyproperty of response to photo-temperature had the advantages of simple and reliable.It was similar to the shuttle breeding mode in the International Maize and WheatResearch Center (CIMMYT), and had good effect to breeding of new wheat varietywhich had strong winter properties and light response to photo-temperature. Baomai8Which had light response to photo-temperature was selectted successfully via twonursery methods in Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, which putforward the new way for the type selection of response to photo-temperature of winterwheat.