Study On Several Typical Arid Plant Root Architecture And Material Exchange In Root And Crown

Root research which will further improve productivity of the crop already hasbeen a potential basic scientific research topic in the international. Many domesticscholars discussed the technical problems in the development and study of theecology of plant root, including the corresponding plants in some areas. But the plantresearch of arid areas which occupy a large part of the territory of the whole world isrelatively less. The special geographical environment of arid areas makes the plantphysiological and ecological characteristics different from the humid and semi-humidareas. For that reason plant root architecture and root-crown material exchange ofarid areas has great academic and practical significance. Ebinur Lake Basin is atypical arid areas, many scholars has paid attention to its geographical landscape soiland ecosystem research, but its typical of plant root architecture is rarely reported.Hence this paper selects typical plants of the Ebinur Lake Basin: Suaeda glauca,Salicornia europaea, Kalidium foliatum and Salsola arbuscula a total of eight kindsof plant roots to study, these eight kinds of plants' overground, underground andquantitative characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics andrhizosphere nutritional characteristics were analyzed, and finally to explore thephysiological factors and environmental factors affect plant growth in arid areas. Themain conclusions are as follow:1. The correlation of four kinds of clonal plants root parameters show: Salicorniaeuropaea>Salsola arbuscula> Suaeda glauca> Kalidium foliatum. Plant height, stemdiameter, lenth and main root diameter have a significant correlation. Lateral rootdiameter, lateral branch and lateral branch diameter showed extremely significantcorrelation. The correlation between plants lateral root branch will clarify the plantroot and crown contact more closely than the correlation of plant height, stemdiameter, crown breadth and height, main root length, main root diameter.2. The ratio of fresh weight, dry weight between plant root and crown, and ratio of root dry weight and total biomass have significant correlation. Root water cotentand crown water cotent, root water content and the ratio of root dry weight and totalbiomass are moderate related. Ratio of root dry weight and total biomass, root freshweight and dry weight correlation coefficient is very close. From root fresh weight todry weight water content turns to reduce a certain proportion.3. Glycyrrhiza root activity is the maximum in the eight kinds of plants, andfollowed by Kalidium foliatum, Suaeda glauca, Sophora Alopecuroide root activity.The root activity of Salicornia europaea, Salsola arbuscula, Apocynum venetum andPoacynum pictum is not different. A significant difference obtained betweenGlycyrrhiza and seven other plants. Crown water content showing: Salicorniaeuropaea> Salsola arbuscula> Suaeda glauca, Apocynum venetum, Kalidium foliatum,Poacynum pictum, Sophora Alopecuroide> Glycyrrhiza.4. The eight kinds of plants suitable for an alkaline environment (pH>7), and fordifferent species grow require different pH of the the environment: Apocynumvenetum, Suaeda glauca, Salsola arbuscula suitable for the region of higher pH (9<pH <9.5); Salicornia europaea, Kalidium foliatum suitable for lower pH than theprevious three plants (8.56≤pH≤8.75); and pH suitable for the growth of Poacynumpictum, Glycyrrhiza, Sophora Alopecuroide are similar (8.0<pH <8.5).5. Kalidium foliatum, Apocynum venetum, Poacynum pictum, Glycyrrhiza andSophora Alopecuroide's underground soluble protein content is higher than theoverground; Salicornia europaea, Salsola arbuscula, Suaeda glauca soluble proteincontent showed a consistent trend, that is the underground soluble protein content islower than the overground. The crown soluble sugar content showed the soluble sugarcontent of cloning plant roots higher than non-clonal plant soluble sugar content.Kalidium foliatum and Apocynum venetum's root MDA content is less than crown, theother six plant root MDA content were higher than the crown. There are significantdifferences of MDA content in the root and crown of Eight kinds of plants. Non-clonal plants showed root total nitrogen content is higher than the crown totalnitrogen content(Suaeda glauca except), Root total nitrogen content of eight kindsplant is significantly different, while crown total nitrogen content was not significantdifferent. Four non-clonal plants have shown crown phosphorus content is higher thanthe root total phosphorus content while total phosphorus content of the four clonalplant crown showed a different tendency.6. The underground superoxide dismutase activities of clonal plants is higherthan the overground superoxide dismutase activities, different non-clonal plants rootcrown SOD activity ratio is different. The crown superoxide dismutase distribution isdifferent from root, while Glycyrrhiza root SOD activity is minimum, its crown SODactivity shows Glycyrrhiza>Poacynum pictum>Kalidium foliatum>Salicorniaeuropaea>Salsola arbuscula>Apocynum venetum>Sophora Alopecuroide>Suaedaglauca. Kalidium foliatum, Poacynum pictum, Glycyrrhiza root crown CAT activity issimilar while the other species of plant root crown CAT activity is quite different.Kalidium foliatum, Suaeda glauca, Apocynum venetum and Poacynum pictum CATactivity is less than the crown CAT activity. Salicornia europaea, Salsola arbuscula,Glycyrrhiza and Sophora Alopecuroide show the opposite trend. The significantdiffrience indicate that root crown hydrogen peroxide activity was not significantdifference.7. At the significant level of0.01, root POD activity and crown POD activity,root CAT activity and crown CAT activity have a moderate positive correlation, rootsoluble protein content and crown MDA activity, root POD activity and crown solublesugar has moderate negative correlation. At the significant levels of0.05, solubleprotein with the crown of SOD activity, root SOD activity and crown soluble sugar,root MDA activity and crown MDA activity, the roots Total nitrogen with crown ofMDA activity, total phosphorus of the roots and crown soluble protein was moderatecorrelation. 8. The cumulative value of four principal components which affect plant rootgrowth is78.226. The analysis shows the activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase, catalase, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, root activity are the mainindicators of plant growth, and the different between the cumulative contribution ratioof each indicator is fractional. The cumulative value of four principal componentswhich affect plant crown growth is69.096%. The analysis showed crownmalondialdehyde content, hydrogen peroxide activity of the soluble protein content,sugar content, total nitrogen, total phosphorus are the key indicators affect the growthof vegetation crown. There are five index factosr of plant habitation in which thecumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components is79.880%. Theanalysis derived soil electrical conductivity, organic matter, available phosphorus andsoil moisture are the main affecting factors of typical plants of the eight arid areas.