Expression And Significance Of SP-A And SP-D In Nasal Polyps And Nasal Mucosa Of Allergic Rhinitis

Background and objectiveNasal polyps (NPs)is a kind of chronic inflammatory disease of nasal cavity and sinuses mucosa,which is a final product of the nasal and sinus mucosa by a variety of causes of inflammatory process,the total number of its incidence is 1%～4%. The tendency of recurrence is high.It has been roporeted it has a very closely relationship with upper airway inflammatory diseases. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps(CRSwNP) is more common in clinical.It is one of important diseases which seriously affect the physical health of the patients. Allergic rhinitis(AR)is type I allergy mediated by IgE. It occurs when the special individuals contact with atopic sensitization,then immunity activity cells increase by the IgE (mainly histamine).It is one of common diseases of otolaryngology.The pathogenesis of these two disease have not been described clearly,but recent research indicate that they may be related with allergy, immunology and infection and so on.Pulmonary surfactant (PS) is a complex mixture of lipids and proteins that constitutes the mobile liquid phase covering the large surface area of the alveolar epithelium. It maintains minimal surface tension within the lungs in order to avoid lung collapse during respiration. Four surfactant proteins (SP)have been found, including hydrophobic proteins (SP-B and SP-C), by which lowering the surface tension at the air-liquid interface in the peripheral air space following expiration;and hydrophilic proteins (SP-A and SP-D),which contribute significantly to surfactant homeostasis and pulmonary immunity.In recent research, emerging studies suggest that SP-A and SP-D not only express on lung epithelial,but also express on other tissues including on nasal epithelial.Nasal polyps and allergic rhinitis are very common in clinical.They are two of important diseases which seriously affect the physical health of patients. The objective of this study was to immunoloealize SP-A and SP-D in human sinonasal tissue with technology of immunohistochemistry,to explore the effects in occurrence and development of nasal polyps and allergic rhinitis,and to explore the effects in upper airway diseases.MethodsThe experiment had three groups:the nasal polyps group,the allergic rhinitis group and the control group(normal inferior turbinate mucosa group).All specimens came from clinical patients. Sixteen cases of allergic rhinitis, twenty-five cases of nasal polyps and twelve cases of normal inferior turbinate were studied with HE staining and immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of SP-A and SP-D,using the statistical packages of SPSS 10.0,the dates were studied by classification,analysis and contrast.Results1. Locating results:The result of observation under the light microscope:the positive products of SP-A and SP-D localized in the cytoplasm,mainly expressed in the epithelial,glands and inflammatory cells of the submucosal,and the colour was clearly beownish yellow or brown particles.In compared with the nasal polyps and allergic rhinitis,there was less positive cells in normal mucosa group.2. Quantitative results:Take positive average gray values as comparative objects:the average gray values of SP-A was 107.18±6.17in the nasal polyps and 105.55±11.46 in the allergic rhinitis but 81.44±7.48 in normal mucosa group. The average gray values of SP-D was 104.15±8.59in the nasal polyps and 110.17±10.01 in the allergic rhinitis but 78.14±6.65 in normal mucosa group.3. Statistical results Result:The expression of SP-A in nasal polyps and allergic rhinitis were dramatically higher than that in controls(P<0.05), and there was no remarkable difference in the expression of SP-A between nasal polyps and allergic rhinitis (P>0.05). The expression of SP-D in allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps were dramatically higher than that in controls(P<0.05), and there was no remarkable difference in the expression of SP-D between allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps(P>0.05).ConclusionSP-A and SP-D are likely to play important roles in the inflammatory reaction process of nasal polyps and allergic rhinitis. Their expression and secretion in the upper airway indicates that future studies may allow manipulation of these proteins and development of novel treatments for nasal polyps,allergic thinitis and sinonasal pathology.