| [Objective] To describe the development characteristics of sleep/wake patterns longitudinally in their own home environments aged from birth to 3 months in urban area China, and to identify factors influencing the quality of sleep during early infancy.[Method] 259 healthy term infants from 10 hospitals of 9 urban districts were enrolled in this project. Data was collected with sleep diaries of parents'report over 3 days continuously, at the 2-3 days,10 days,28 days,2 months,3 months after birth respectively. The repeated measures data was analyzed by SPSS and SAS.[Result] In the first 3 months of age, daytime and nighttime, as well as the 24 hour sleep duration decreased with the infants growing. Compared with Day 2 after birth, the relevant values at 3 months old shorten with 87 min,31.8 min and 118.2 min respectively. The reduction of the 24 hour sleep due to the shrink of daytime sleep. The numbers of naps didn't change statistically, at an average of 4.7 after birth,3.6 between 1 and 2 months, and 3.1 at 3 months. Also, the number of nighttime awakening statistically decreased statically from 4.9 to 2.1 within 3 months. Still, the ability of continuous sleep strengthened gradually, the longest nighttime sleep was 78 min longer at 3 months than at 2 days after birth. Latter bedtime and earlier morning wake time appeared as the infants growing. There were no sex statistical differences of the indexes mentioned above. On the sleep behavior, the bedtime was unfixed during day and night. Bedtime routines were common with age differences about70%-90%, including breastfeeding/formular/water, bath and massage, the relevant rates were 91.85% and 96.88%,62.22% and 65.00%,25.93% and 36.88% respectively for the age of month 1 and 3.55.56% of the surveyed infants were co-sleeping,64.44% with supine sleep position, 63.11% were placed while they fully asleep, and the immediate treatment after night awakening was as high as 76.23%. Kappa consistency check showed that there was a poor consistency between the knowledge, belief and behavior about infant's sleep during postpartum compared with pregnancy.Only 3 facors were detected to affect the sleep/wake patterns. Anesthesia was relevant to the naps of newborns after 2 days. More naps were found amongst babies whose mothers had anesthesia during delivery. Fixed bedtime during day is related to longer nighttime sleep. Furthermore, compared to the infants who got immediate appease after nighttime awakening, those fell asleep by himself had more night wakings.[Conclusion] The characteristic of sleep patterns of early infant was different with age. The influencing factors could go back to mothers'anesthetizing during delivering, as well as the infants'sleep rhythm and night waking treatments after birth. In addition, there was a vast discrepancy between the cognition in pregnancy and the behaviors actually taken after birth. Therefore, it seems to be very important to help parents establish scientific nursing idea and implement effectively on the sleep behaviors, via health education and other methods, for babies good habits and better sleep quality. |
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