A Study On Characteristic And Influence Factors Of Road Traffic Injury Among Pupils In Suzhou

Objective: Through the survey of pupils' road safety behavior and safety knowledge by questionnaire, we aimed to explore the incidence of children's road traffic injury, the epidemiologic characteristic of road traffic injury, the actions of safety behavior and the cognitive level of safety knowledge among children in Suzhou, and aimed to grasp the influence factors of children's road traffic injury, so as to provide a scientific basis for study and prevent the road traffic injury in further.Method: A cross-sectional baseline study was conducted among 7103 suudents from grade 1-6 among the 23 elementary schools in Suzhou, the students were chosen as a multistage randomly stratified cluster sampling method. Self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the behavior and knowledge on road safety. 6911 available questionnaires were retrievd finally. In-depth interviews were conducted among 104 pupils from two primary schools. All the information collected was supposed to give a comprehensive assessment about the students'behavior and knowledge on road safety, and its inflencing factors. The Statistical software of ACCESS2000, EpiData3.02, SPSS17.0 were used to analysis. The statistical methods included general description, chi square test, t-test, multiple linear regression, and stepwise Logistic regression.Result: The incidence of road traffic injury for all students was 4.2%, 5.3% for boys, 3.1% for girls, a male to female ration was 1.7:1. The incidence of road traffic injury was significantly significant among different genders, grades,academic records, education levels of parents(P<0.01). The incidence of boys was higher than the incidence of girls, the incidence of junior groups was higher than the incidence of senior groups, the incidence of pupils who were poor academic records was higher than the incidence of pupils who were poor academic records, the incidence of pupils whose parents were lowly educated was higher than that of pupils whose parents who highly educated. There were 49.6% of the pupils riding out without wearing helmets, 43.7% considering it was safe to ride cross the road, 39.7% never walking on the sidewalk and pedestrian bridges, 38.1% not looking left and right when crossing the street, 26.6% running quickly when crossing the street, 21.9% not wearing a seatbelt when taking a car, 20.2% not reading the safety manual. There was significant difference among different genders, grades, academic records and education levels of parents(P<0.05). The security hehavior and safety knowledge of the pupils were actively correlated with the safety cognitive of parents.85.4% of pupils correctly answered the knowledge of injury, the rate of girls was higher than the rate of boys, there was significant difference in different genders(P<0.05). The ways of gain traffic knowledge were few, the acquisition of knowledge was mainly from TV, parents and teachers, the proportions were 19.4%, 17.6% and 14.3%, resepectively. Multiple linear regression result showed that grade, the academic records, the education level of parents were the main influence factors, among which grade was the most important one.More than 85% of the parents considered the behaviors were dangerous, such as the pupils acrossing the street dircetly, acrossing the road from intersection, acrossing the campus directly, there were still 51.3% and 61.2% parents considered it was dangerous when the pupils were walking along the edge or crossing the road on the sidewalk. Parents had attached great attention to the behavioes of road traffic safety, and their vigilance about road safety behavior was high.Logistic regression analysis results suggested that risk factors of road traffic injury as follows: male(OR=1.363), junior student(OR=1.127), the low degree of father education level(OR=1.249), the low degree of mother education level(OR=1.213), the low safety cognitive of parents(OR=1.037), liking playing lighters, fireworks and firecrackers(OR=1.574), no obeying the traffic lights(OR=1.341), runing cross the road(OR=1.387), cross the road without waiting and seeing(OR=1.675), while the protection factors were :cross the road when walking along the sidewalk(OR=0.802), shared the safety knowledge with parents(OR=0.687).Conclusion: The incidence of road traffic injury is 4.2%. The incidence of road traffic injury is different from genders, grades, education levels of parents, the incidence of road traffic injury showed an increasing tendency with grades, academic records and the education levels of parents. The security behavior performance was good, but there were also some dangerous behaviors. The girl, junior, doing well in study, had a good performance.The results showed that the incidences of children road traffic injuries are not only related to one factor, but to a combination of various factors of traffic environment, gender, individual behavior and the education levels of parents, low levele safety knowledge of parents,like playing lighters and matches, no obeying the traffic lights, running across the road, cross the road without waiting and seeing were the risk factors. Special safety promotion program should be implanted to prevent and control this probiem.