Research On Self-efficacy And Self-management Scale Of Chinese Version Among Cancer Patients

Objectives1. To evaluate the reliability and validity of the self-efficacy assessment scale and the chronic disease resource survey scale of Chinese version for cancer patients in China.2. To evaluate the application of the trouble measuring screening tool in cancer patients in China.3. To explore the major influence factors to the self-management and self-efficacy in cancer patients, in order to provide evidence for the futher interventions.Methods and Designs1. The scale based on the the self-efficacy and self-management theory proposed by Bandura was translated and revisied into Chinese version, including the self-efficacy assessment scale, the chronic disease resource survey scale and the trouble measuring screening tools. The preliminary theoretical structure of the self-efficacy and self-management scale was established by the exploratory factor analysis (Exploratory factor analysis, EFA) method. The reliability including internal consistency reliability and split-half reliability, and validity including content validity and construct validity, were analyzed. 2. The survey was multi-center cluster randomized. The scale was used in400cases of cancer patients in the form of questionnaire survey. The object treated from Jan to Jun in2010was selected from eight hospitals including Beijing Cancer Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, etc. The multiple linear regression and Pearson correlation analysis were used to explore the influenced factors of self-management and self-efficacy in cancer patients and the relationship between the scales.Results1. The self-efficacy assessment scale:there were five dimensions formed by the forty-four items.(1) Reliability:the Cronbach's α coefficient of each factor and total scale were0.811～0.966and the split-half reliability were0.791～0.927.(2)Validity:the correlation coefficient between factors and between the total scale and each factor were0.588～0.932(P<0.01);5common factors were extracted in the factor analysis used principal component analysis of promax rotation, and the cumulative contribution rate was55.92%with coefficient of factor loading from0.497to0.840.2. The chronic disease resource survey scale:there were four dimensions formed by the twenty-one items.(1) Reliability:the Cronbach's a coefficient of each factor and total scale were0.759～0.900and the split-half reliability were0.677～0.852.(2)Validity:the correlation coefficient between factors and between the total scale and each factor were0.067～0.841(P<0.01);4common factors were extracted in the factor analysis used principal component analysis of promax rotation, and the cumulative contribution rate was60.44%with coefficient of factor loading from0.562to0.857.3. The trouble measuring screening tool:the average score of trouble degree was4.00. This scale could be a better measurement tool for cancer patients experiencing a variety of problems such as practical trouble, family trouble, emotional trouble, spiritual/religious concerns, physical problems, etc. 4. The Pearson correlation analysis result showed that there was a negative correlation between the trouble degree and the self-efficacy in cancer patients, however, only part of the items of the self-management score was negatively correlated with the trouble degree(P<0.05). In other words, the higher of the trouble degree scores, the lower of the self-efficacy and self-management level.5. The path analysis result showed that the trouble degree could perform a direct influence on the self-efficacy and self-management level in cancer patients. Education could directly or indirectly influence on the self-efficacy and self-management level through the trouble degree. Income performed direct influence on the self-efficacy in cancer patients.Conclusions1. Both of the self-efficacy assessment scale and the chronic disease resource survey scale of Chinese version for cancer patients had good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate the self-efficacy and self-management of cancer patients in China.2. Trouble measuring screening tool could be better to assess the problems encountered by cancer patients recently. There was negative relationship between the scales. The higher of the trouble degree scores, the lower of the self-efficacy and self-management level.3. The path analysis result showed that the trouble degree could perform a direct influence on the self-efficacy and self-management level in cancer patients. Education could directly or indirectly influence on the self-efficacy and self-management level through the trouble degree. Income performed direct influence on the self-efficacy in cancer patients.