Study On The Environmental Sanitation In Rural Areas And Its Influencing Factors Of Hebei Province

Objectives:To find rural sanitation status and the existing problems of Hebeiprovince;To provide analysis report for control measures of rural healthhazard,so as to provide theoretical evidence for the government in makingscientific decision.Methods:The survey data is from the monitoring data of Hebei province, which isfrom the monitoring data ofministry of health called Countrywide RuralEnvironmental Health Hazards Monitoring, Stratified cluster sampling methodwas used according to the different administrative divisions, economicconditions, geographical features and other factors,25%counties (city, area)of the province were select ed randomly as monitoring counties; In themonitoring counties,5villages and towns were selected randomly4countieswere selected in each monitoring point, and10households were selectedrandomly asthe household monitoringThe data was high representative；research data was collected from t900villages in45counties of11cities,which from the end of2010；This study adopts the methods of documentaryanalysis and quantitative research.Results:1The sanitaria status of monitoring countiesThere were waste disposal plants in40counties of45selcted counties,accounted for88.89%;42counties have centralized water supply factory,accounted for93.33%;40%of the waste treatment plants take sanitary landfilldisposal of garbage;55sewage treatment plants have sewage treatmentprocess,22%of the treatment plants practical handling capacity and designprocess. 2The conditions of monitored villagesIt showed, the establishment rate of village environment sanitationmanagement system, the planning rate of village and the rate of healtheducation has reached to50%or beyond50%; there were public toilets in61.1%of the villages;but the full-time or part-time cleaning staff rate was lessthan50%; more than90%of the village road were hardened partly or allhardened life polluted water took47.22%.90.5%of the village's trash camefrom life garbagelife polluted water, accounted for71.27%of the wholepolluted water;37.5%of the sewage discharge randomly, the treatment rate ofsewage was very low.Management and publicity achieved certain effect, for example, the rate ofwashing hands before and after meals reached71.27%; the rate of index of" clean" for household sanitation was66.36%; the index of indoorenvironmental health" clean". Outstanding issue is the66.6%family lifegarbage piling up around the house and the built; sewage pipe emissions isonly10.75%, the greater part of sewage choice free discharge.3The environmental hygiene monitoring of Household3.1The status of toilets of monitored householdThe sanitary toilets accounted for55.8%； biogas toilet and double Wengtoilets weremain types of toilets, respectively accounted for22.1%and20%.Rural toilets were mainly built in the yards, accounted for80.69%.3.2The status of drinking water of villagesCentralized water supply was the main way for the villagers to getwater,reached82.56%; the rate of decentralized water supply was17.44%；72%of households took tap water as drinking water.3.3The harmless treatment of the fecal10%(439) stool weredealt with through high temperature;90%(3953) ofthe excrement were disposed directly into the sewage, rivers and directlyburied by soil or used as fertilizer; the rate of harmless treatment of fecalwas very low.3.4The monitor status of the vector The soil sampling and testing results: The heavy metal pollution to soil ofHebei Province was light； the rate of harmful microorganisms was low; thevast majority of the countries could not carry out vector microbial preventionwork regularly.Conclusions and recommendations1Main problems of rural sanitation of Hebei province1.1The collecting and processing system of rural garbage and sewagewas not perfect.1.2The environmental sanitation system of rural was not perfect.1.3The water lavatory and water quality monitoring work of rural need to bestrengthened.1.4The health care consciousness of rural residents' was weak.2The main influencing factors to environmental sanitation of rural area2.1The economic factors: The environmental hygiene is good in economicdeveloped area; Conversely, the area economic condition is poorer,environmental health and infrastructure construction is relatively weak.2.2The customs factors: Han village health habits and health environmentpreservation is better than that of minority village.2.3Policy factors: Environmental sanitation managementt lax is the leadingcause of that the rural environment in Hebei Province health outcomes aredifficult to maintain.2.4The education level factors: The higher educational level villagers aremore receptive to the environmental health advocacy, and also more likely todevelop good health habits and health consciousness.