| Four-character form idioms is highly characteristic language units in modern Chinese vocabulary system. This paper collects 5648 four-character form idioms from《modern Chinese dictionary》(the 5th edition) which are classified into three types: four-character words, four-character free phrases,and Four-character fixed-form between the two former types. We analyse the third form's conceptual meaning, association meaning,the semantical evolution mode and their comprehension mechanism.There are 4020 Four-character fixed-form. We analyse them on connotation meaning,society meaning, emotional meaning, allocation meaning and theme meaning which are all called association meaning. The association meaning is mainly in parentheses.For conceptual meaning, we classifies it into three types:literal meaning, etymological meaning, current meaning and old-timey meaning.According to the different ways of development, Four-character fixed-form was divided into unevolved,evolved, meaning-combined and sourcing. Evolved Four-character fixed-form can be classified into endicating-semantics, describing-semantics, metaphor, expressing- semantics, nominal and defining. Meaning-combined Four-character fixed-form has various kinds of meanings in evolved Four-character fixed-form. Sourcing Four-character fixed-form includes all meanings of unevolved Four-character fixed-form,evolved Four-character fixed-form and meaning-combined Four-character fixed-form.Also It contains two sourcing ways, one citing words and the other summarizing the major content. We analyse their paraphrasing pattern.Finally,we study the semantical evolution mode and comprehension mechanism of Four-character fixed-form.we think it has motivation between their current meaning and constituents. We separate the motivation into explicit motivation,implicit motivation, constituental motivation and global motivation. Image schemas,metaphor and metonymy can tell us the current meaning how to be formed and comprehended. |
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