Organization·metonymy·foil

Pictograph is one of ancient texts, many philology scientists have studied it from perspectives of meaning category, glyph structure, perspective taking and part-of-speech. Undeniably, pictograph is ideograms, but how do this ideograms can express sounds and meanings? Why they can do it, how do they do? A few scholars study these issues from dynamic angle: laws and fundamental principles of philology's thinking, creation and expresstion. Symbols'creation, emotion, thinking and expresstion are questions of writing, therefore, these problems belong to writing––microscopic writing––words'writing.The expresstion of pictograph is similar with writing's description. The latter uses words to describe people, things, scenery and objects. The former uses brief strokes to describe things in the world. The way of pictograph reappears objects (which are signified by Chinese) is description. Pictographs'centers are objects'typical characteristics. They select part (parts) which can represent or rendering objects'meanings, and draw them simply. Then, glyphs'shapes and things shapes look the same. Visibly, pictograph uses vivid strokes to constitute an imagine contour, so it can express things'essential features. In short, the description rule of pictograph is: In the context of informs thinking, taking people, things and environment as its objects; drawing them simply. Most of them take static description, only a few words are instantly jelleded people's instantaneous action. In addition, pictograph takes four perspectives: smooth inspect (transverse front and longitudinal profile), looking up, looking down and synthesize many angles. To show their typical features, every one is described in the best view. From the angle of thinking, pictograph can be divided into three types: overall outline type, local metonymy type and environment foil type.As a result, based on the study of pictograph's description rule, we summarized rules of pictograph's writing thought: Pictograph's writing are under the control of"informs thinking"(repeat and contrast) and"path thinking"(composition analysis and synthesis of things); it has"focus awareness"which can lead us to creat glyph, at the same time, it also has"incidental awareness"which can make meanings specific and rhetoric (It lead us to select which parts to describe, how to organize the parts which we had chosed, and so on.) Thus, the thinking process of pictographs'creation and articles'creation is the same. The action of pictograph's creation is the most micro writing action. Pictograph express sounds and meanings'objects vividly, that is very important to heritage human culture intuitively, in the history of world literature.