Study On The System Of Chinese Public Rental Housing

In recent years, the price of housing in the large and medium city of China such as the rocket is climbing. It has been overtaken the majority of ordinary people's ability of paying. Housing, medical care, employment and education have also been significant issues of society. From the 1980s', China began to reform the system of housing. To the present, China's housing market has been formed pattern which the market supply houses. The policy of housing security plays a complementary role in the market mechanism. The object of security is low-income group. As we all know, the right of residence is one of basic human rights, government has the responsibility to protect the citizens of this right. Especially in the current background that we are building a socialist harmonious society, resolving housing problem for every class is the first task. In our society, the high-income layer can purchase the commodity housing, the low-income group can enjoy the indemnificatory apartment. But the middle-income stratum neither enjoy the indemnificatory apartment nor buy the commodity house. Therefore, these people are called"sandwich class". In order to solve this problem, the government has begun to design the large-scale building projects of public rental housing from 2010.Different from the former low-rent housing and affordable housing, public rental housing is a brand-new type of indemnificatory apartment, a kind of public goods solving housing problems for social sandwich layers such as new employment staffs and characterized by the feature of public welfare, administrative intervention and specific safeguarding objects. Since it has appeared only for about 2 years, the related laws and regulations are not so complete and it lacks of both theoretical and practical support. However, we can learn from successful overseas experience, such as the successful establishment of HDB Flats in Singapore and Public Housing in Hong Kong. We have carried out nationwide exploration and summarized system designing and practical experience in the aspect of financing, building and management. But we should also see that there are still a lot to improve. This essay analyzes system designing and practical issues of main domestic cities, using methods of enumeration, summarizing and comparison and combining the knowledge of Legal science and Sociology. After summarizing the pros and cons of each city's system designing and practical issues, the essay discusses the system designing of public rental housing from the perspective of the whole nation.The present thesis aims to discuss public rental housing along the following train of thoughts:The first part introduces the implications, characters, background and theoretical foundation of public rental housing whose aim is to solve the housing issue existed among"sandwich class"families. As a product of public welfare, different regions'interpretations on it are largely identical except slight differences without a national accepted final version. It bears the properties of public character, public benefit, and governmental intervention in terms of its objects and functions, which imply that its appearance embodies government's determination to ensure people's access to houses instead of merely an expedient to address a social problem.The second part discusses the originalities and drawbacks during the establishment and application processes of the public rental system in China's major cities and further analyzes the main flaws existing within this system. This part is counted for innovation and the focal point of this paper in that there hasn't any thesis or monograph as yet which summarizes and contrasts systematically the public rental system.The third part mainly introduces the oversea public housing security systems. To start with the housing security systems in such globally important countries and regions as the United States, Britain, Singapore and Hong Kang, this thesis summarizes some note-worthy ideas from the perspectives of finance, legislation and administration.In the fourth part, the thesis carries out some comparatively competitive suggestions about the legislative forms and relevant legal systems and provides theoretical basis for China's public rental housing system from the aspects of legislation, fundraising, construction, and supervising. Given that some cities'examples are cited in the second part, this section mainly proposes some advice on legislative theory.