The Investigation On The Misconception Of Simple Circuit Of Grade Three Students In Junior High School

Before the students study physics, they have their own knowledge and understanding on physical phenomena which we call it"pre-conception", and some pre-conceptions are wrong that we named it"misconception". Traditional teaching is often easy to neglect the minds of students, so they just memorize the facts in the learning process, even they do not form scientific concepts and use it effectively after learning. Even though the teachers consciously concern about the pre-conceptions, design teaching, it is difficult to change misconception because of some features of pre-conception: spontaneity, hidden, stubborn, persistent and so on.This problem has caused a lot of education academics and physics teacher's attention. Content on the misconcepts involves a wide range to the highest concentration of mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical and thermal; The methods of research are various, and increasingly standardized. The overall trend is from the initial theory to carrying out surveys and quantitative research-based educational experiment or observation, interview-based qualitative research, and ultimately to reveal the student's error cognitive model or to achieve conceptual change.The author knows that there are more misconceptions during the process of grade three students in junior high school learning the chapter of"simple circuit"by observing the classroom and talking to physics teacher. It impact following study of electric power, electric energy even electrical study of senior high school.This study is about the understanding of a complete circuit short circuit, current, voltage, resistance.Referencing DIRECT1.0 survey tool, combining with my previous field research, we work out the questionnaire: "the cognitive on simple circuit of gread three students survey". The author taken in three secondary schools in Xinxiang (key middle school in city, general secondary school in city, rural middle school) ,448 middle school students to carry out surveys, and do statistical analysis of the results, founding out:(1)There were significant differences on understanding the concept of simple circuit during key middle school in city, general secondary school in city, rural middle school in the test;(2)There were not significant differences in understanding the concept of simple circuit between different gender in the test;(3)There is relevance between the student's academic performance and physical test results;(4)The misconception of simple circuit of grade three students in junior high school is concentrate in some following areas:understanding the surface structure of the bulb; misunderstanding of the concept of short-circuit; the battery is a constant current source; the understanding of"the current equal in series circuit, the voltage equal in parallel circuit"is on the level of memory, can not use it flexibly to new situations; on the causal relationship between current and voltage; a confusion between currents and other electrical concepts.Then, the author has carried out two-step diagnostic test on the misconceptions of students, and find some students using succession reasoning and local reasoning to solve problem.Finally, the researcher has discussed the findings, sum the deficiencies of the study and propose recommendations for further research.