Study On The Loss Evaluation Of Flood Disater In Middle And Lower Reaches Of Yellow River In Henan Province

The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in Henan province are always stricken byflood, which has greatly influenced the economic development of local areas. The measures are taken bythe governments in recent years to lower the possibilities of flood by constructing water facilities and theloss to minimum caused by flood. The loss evaluation caused by flood is an important part of non-projectmeasure, which is of great significance in fighting against disaster, providing disaster relief, makinganti-flood plans and programming social and economic development.The evaluation methods based on RS and GIS are given in this paper according to the naturalgeographical characteristics and social&economic development in the middle and lower reaches of theYellow River in Henan province. This can also server to anti-flood and the development of society andecnomy.The paper gave the overall idea on evaluating the loss caused by flood in the middle and lowerreaches of the Yellow River in Henan province using RS and GIS technology, which was based on therelation between flood damage and social&economic development. And simulation methods andevaluation model were established to calculate the flooded area and evaluate the loss caused by floodrespectively. There were five steps to evaluate the loss caused by flood.(1) an economy and landutilization database was established concerning the areas’ economy and land utilization that may beinfluenced by flood;(2) an evaluation index and quick simulation method, based on the local flood,geographical characteristic and GIS technology, that could calculate the flooded area were given andtested by comparing with real situation, which proved its maneuverability;(3) a loss evaluation model wasprovided according to the local flood characteristic, and a rough estimation on the loss caused by flood in 1996was conducted and its results were compared with the statistic data in1996, which proved themodel’s reasonable;(4) the system was used to predict the loss caused by flood happening in2015, whoseintensity was the same to that in1996, considering the social and economic development in2015based onthe counties’“the Twelfth Plan”, and the loss’ degree were ranked according to the results predicted by thesystem;(5) the evaluation results were analyzed and the countermeasures given.Through assessing, Draw the following conclusion:(1) A big flood occurring down along the Yellow River from Sanmenxia would greatly influencethe social and economic development in these areas. And the frequency and loss might be increased withhunman being’ growing production activities.(2) Flood would influence the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River with differentdegrees. Of those Yuanyang, Mengzhou, Taiqian, Changyuan, Wuzhi, Wenxian and Puyang would bedamaged with highest degree, with Mengjin, Fengqiu and Fanxian secondly, and other areas least; the mainlosses are in crops&agricultural facilities, rural houses and household property.(3) From the flood disaster loss to GDP influence, Yanshi, Gongyi, Xingyang, Zhengzhou,Zhongmu, Kaifeng and Lankao would be lightly disaster; Wuzhi, Puyang, Fanxian, Fengqiu as the heavydisaster area; Mengjing, Mengzhou, Wenxian, Changyuan greatly; Yuanyang and Taiqian extremely. Lookfrom whole, the north shore of the Yellow River compared to South Bank of heavy disaster.The study showed it was reasonable and feasible to construct a model and evaluation systembased on GIS to predict the flooded area and the losses. And it is meaningful to the economic development,soil utilization and anti-flood measures making in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River inHenan province.