A Multi-Scene Earthquake Evacuating Research For Urban Based On GIS, RS And Genetic Algorithms

In recent years, with the frequent occurrence of natural disasters and man-made disasters, the harm to the city become more and more serious.Meanwhile, the government departments is also actively enhance the processing capability to deal with unexpected emergencies, the research and application for technology that related to disaster prevention and mitigation is particularly urgent.The earthquake disaster often gives the city a devastating hazards,and under the premise of earthquake prediction technology is not mature, to strengthen earthquake preparedness becomes an effective means for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation.And evacuating study by modern geographic information technologies for urban’s spatial and attribute datas to be analyzed computing,is an important reference for developing the reduction plan mechanism of earthquake disaster.As a rapid development capital city for economic and social, Hefei is located in the end part of the famous Tanlu Seismic zone in the eastern country,and many felt earthquakes have occurred in the history,the earthquake activity is intensity, it is necessary to research for related shockproof. Based on the perspective of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation,the article selects within the areas of Second Ring Road and four key construction of residential of Hefei for the studying earths, then dividing the study areas’type of evacuating site and optimizing evacuation routes by using remote sensing technology,GIS technology and model of intelligent algorithms for building the evacuating spatial database of study areas, and dividing the destination in multiple scenarios of four key construction of residential.Firstly, the article used the ArcGIS Geodatabase data model to design the study area’s spatial database model, and integrated spatial data and attribute data by using remote sensing images and other related image data, to build evacuating spatial database that contains three sub-databases for key construction of residential areas database,urban road database and population database.Secondly, it combined by GIS spatial analysis of buffer analysis, overlay analysis to divide the Second Ring Road’s emergency evacuation site, fixed evacuation site and center evacuation site.Thirdly,according to the different circumstances of evacuation,the article proposed multiple scenarios evacuating ways of pre-earthquakethe impending of earthquake and after of earthquake,and built a evacuation model under different scenarios,then used the GIS spatial analysis techniques to divide the destination of four key construction of residential areas under different scenarios.Finally,according to the characteristics of evacuating when the earthquake had occurred,it built evacuation optimization model after earthquake,by using the index for road accessibility,road effective accessibility and road equivalent length,then through the genetic computing and GIS spatial analysis,and achieved the path optimization and pepole evacuation from emergency evacuating site to fixed evacuation site.