Molecular Phylogeny Of Odontolabis Hope And Neolucanus Thomson From China(Coleoptera:Scarabaeoidea:Lucanidae)

Both Odontolabis Hope and Neolucanus Thomson are similarly external morphology in Coleoptera (Coleoptera:Lucanidae). Most of the known species of the two genera are distributed in Oriental Realm, few species are distributed in Japan, which is distributed in Palaearctic Realm. China is the key area of the two genera distribution, and about50%the known species in the world are distributed in south, southeast and southwest parts of China. In these species, It is too hard to identify due to the similarly external morphology, small differences between male and female genitalia, the significant phenomenon of sexual dimorphism, male polymorphism, the change of different splash types in same species and the phenomenon of polymorphism of subspecies differentiation is quite outstanding so that the system relationships between two genera is not clear. At present, the system classification has become a prominent question in lucanidae taxonomy study. Therefore, it is very necessary to research, explore and solve the taxonomic problems from the molecular phylogeny within modern molecular biology techniques.11species from Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Hainan were explored by the molecular markers of16S rRNA、COI and28S rRNA to study on the phylogenetic relationships of Odontolabis and Neolucanus. The lenghth of sequence fragment obtained was2261bp including1709conservative sites,552variable sites in this study, and the mutation rate is32.3%. Nigidionus parryi was used as outgroup, molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed with methods of maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The results are showed that ingroup includes two lineages, one contains Odontolabis sinensis, Odontolabis fallaciosus, Odontolabis siva and Odontolabis platynota, the other consists of Neolucanus parryi, Neolucanus sinicus, Neolucanus nitidus, Neolucanus tao, Neolucanus perarmatus, Neolucanus maximus and Neolucanus giganteus; So the results supported the classification status of the independent and effective genus respectively from the relationships of Odontolabis and Neolucanus. The species with clear morphological classification status like Odontolabis siva and Odontolabis platynota or Neolucanus parryi and Neolucanus sinicus were supported the classification status of the independent species due to the molecular data from the interspecific relationships; some results showed that the species with certain morphology similarity had close relationships but belong to different species like Neolucanus nitidus and Neolucanus tao or Neolucanus perarmatus and Neolucanus maximus; It was indicated that the species with uncertainly morphological classification status were not supported the classification status of the independent species from the molecular data but the same species according to their splash characteristics, which are independent species, different geographic subspecies or different splash types in same species like Odontolabis sinensis and Odontolabis fallaciosus from10samples of6regions, and the interspecific genetic difference of them is very small (0.5%), so there come to the conclusion is that splash characteristics in shard may belong to the change of different splash types.