The Main Community Types And Distribution Of Chongming Island And Ecology And Landscape Coordination Assessment Of Its Plant Communities

Due to population growth and intensification of human activities, rapid deterioration of the global environment, particularly in the1960s, the natural habitat fragmentation issue highlights, many organisms are isolated in the urban and agricultural land surrounded by islands of habitat, the resulting biodiversity is a serious threat and a sharp decline, and further threaten the survival of mankind itself. Conservation of biological diversity, rich in biological resources and human living environment, have become major issues need to be resolved mankind. In this case, conservation biology came into being, and become the focus of attention. Meanwhile, the island biogeography theory, as a research crushing Habitats and species conservation issues on the basis of its application and development has also been a broader space.Chongming Island in Jiangkou, is China’s third largest island, known as the "gateway to the Yangtze River, the East China Sea Chou", is the world’s largest alluvial island, the world’s largest sand island. In this paper, Chongming Island as the research object, the application of the Franco-Swiss survey on the different functional areas of the plant community types and species composition, community structure are investigated and the use of ecological classification methods into community types of Chongming Island, the establishment of classification system and with the distribution in Sheshan, big Jinshan Island’s natural vegetation types were compared. In the community survey, based on the use of comprehensive evaluation method and Delphi (Delphi) expert investigation, the establishment of community ecology and landscape coordination degree evaluation system was evaluated on Chongming Island communities. The following conclusions:(1) Based on Chongming Island roads, parks, adjacent to the house behind the house, farmland and waterside five kinds of functional areas of the community survey, a total of171plots set up to investigate Chongming Island communities plants totaling80families,165genera,198kinds.(2) Chongming Island165are seed plants are divided into13distribution types (including variants), and the Shanghai region and Sheshan, Big Jinshan Island’s natural vegetation flora compared to Chongming Island plant in pan-tropical, northern temperate and Asian distribution based,82genera, the total is49.7%, followed by Old World temperate and tropical Asia (India-Malaysia) distribution and Old World tropical distribution is21.8%of36, these six types of distribution of118genera,71.5%of the total genera. With vegetation and Sheshan Shanghai downtown, big Jinshan Island flora of seed compared the performance results are basically the same.(3) Chongming Island native species is116species,82kinds of exotic species, this result is better than Shanghai Shanghai City native species and exotic species ratio (174:547), reflecting the relatively weak Chongming Island, an artificial interference, but this ratio far below the Sheshan and large Jinshan Island.(4) combined with the appearance of community characteristics on Chongming Island community cluster analysis, the similarity of about90%in the level of171plots will be divided into42community types. Based on the appearance of plant communities, species composition and other characteristics, the42community types can be classified as evergreen coniferous forest, deciduous forest, coniferous, evergreen broadleaf forest, deciduous forest, evergreen deciduous mixed forest and bamboo leaves seven vegetation types. Plant communities in deciduous forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest types, mainly in the frequency of occurrence plots were34.6%and27%. Chongming Island community type than the Shanghai area rich natural distribution of community types,(5) In this paper, AHP and Delphi expert survey, the establishment of ecological and landscape in harmony community evaluation index system. Using the integrated score from communities naturalness, ornamental degrees, health degrees, pro greenness and nutrients tube degree distribution in five aspects of roads, parks, house front room, farmland and waterside171quadrats communities conduct a comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that:different functional areas with high coordination number of communities are small, up the road where there has been a high degree of coordination of community, of three, accounting for5.8%of the total number of community roads, roads community focused on coordination degree general Within this region, accounting for48.1%of the total, indicating that the road community structure is relatively simple, low percentage of native species, some of the need for regular maintenance; house next to the park and the area behind the house, community integrated values greater than0.75communities have only one months. In the farmlands and waterside areas where a high degree of coordination community does not appear, indicating that the area of farmland and waterside, no community can realize landscape and ecological benefits of effective combination. In the five functional areas, in addition to coordinating a high degree of community Metasequoia and Taxodium this coniferous forest communities, the deciduous broadleaf and evergreen deciduous forest is the main coordinating a high degree of community types. These communities canopy high species richness, structural integrity, grow healthy. These communities are mostly constructive species of native trees, forest management and protection of low intensity, retain natural invade seedlings and herbaceous communities naturalness greatly improved.Thus, this study may provide a basis for the Chongming plant vegetation data for a period of Chongming Island plant diversity conservation and ecological island provide the basis for the construction.