Synthesis, Characterization And Application Of Hyperbranched-linear Polymer Surfactants

Hyperbranched macromolecule is a much branched, multiple terminalgroups and three-dimensional structure molecules, which was performed higheractivities than other polymers, and the properties could be control by changingthe terminal functional groups of hyperbranched molecules. Moreover,synthesize hyperbranched polymer is easier than dendrimer, and it performedgood flowability, solubility, internal cavity for its special structure of multipleterminal groups, all of these properties lead it would be a good prospect in manyrealms. According to the request of human, it is an important branch forHyperbranched macromolecule in future for designed the amphiphilicHyperbranched macromolecules. Furthermore, Hyperbranched macromolecularapplied on leather fatliquor would be a novel orientation for the special structureof amphiphilic Hyperbranched polymer.Hyperbranched polymer with multiterminal hydroxyl groups was synthesisthrough Quasi-one-step by trimethylolpropane (TMP) and AB2monomer, whichwas synthesis by diethanol amine and methyl acrylate through Michael Reaction.Moreover, we synthesized a series of Hyperbranched-linear polymers (HLPS),which contained different properties of hydrophobic and hydrophilic, throughgrafted oleic acid on Hyperbranched polymer. In other hand, we chose theoptimal reaction condition through single-factor test methods. The optimalreaction time and temperature was3hours and130centigrade. Furthermore, thestructure of Hyperbranched-linear polymer was characterized by nuclearmagnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier infrared spectrum, the result indicatedthat hyperbranched-linear molecules was synthesis successfully. In addition, theproperties of air-water interface tension and critical micelle concentration (CMC)was measured by surface tension meter, the more detail of data about π-A and π-tHLPS was measured by langmuir-blodgett. Finally, the particle size and appearance about micelle of HLPS was characterized by Dynamic LaserScattering (DLS), and the arrange model on the air-water interface of HLPS wasstimulated. The result of research demonstrated that a novelhyperbranched-linear polymer was successfully synthesized by oleic acid graftedon hyperbranched polymer through esterification. In addition,hyperbranched-linear could significantly reduce the surface tension of water, andthe HLPS-3performed better than other series of HLPS in reduce surface tension,and the CMC of HLPS-3was3.8mg/L and the surface tension of HLPS-3was29.8mL/m at the CMC. Furthermore, the number of hydroxyl groups of HLPSwas the main factor, which obviously affected the particle size, appearance andarranges condition on the interface, and the most important is that if we controlthe number of hydroxyl groups, the appearance and particle size would bepresent different performance, and the interface tension would be obviouslyreduced.Hyperbranched-linear polymer was dissolved in water to prepare asfatliquor emulsion. The properties of saponification value, iodine value and otherphysical chemistry properties were characterized. In addition, the distribution ofemulsion particle size was measured by laser particle analyzer. Furthermore, theapplication research about the leather’s properties of suppleness, fullness and oilfeel was measured by HLPS, the mixture of HLPS and neutral oil and themixture of HLPS and AEO-9after fatliquoring, and the result of the applicationwas compared with commercial products LQ-5and L-3. Moreover, the physicaland mechanical properties of leather were researched after fatliquoring. Theresult of application research showed, if we chose the proper hydroxyl groupsreplaced by oleic acid, or mix the HLPS and oil or other surfactants, thehyperbranched-linear polymer would be a applied on leather fatliquoring, and thefatliquor effect would performed better. As the result showed, the effect offatliquoring for HLPS-4and the mixture of HLPS-5and AEO-9，which the ratiowas19:1, performed good as the LQ-5in stability of emulsion, fullness andsoftness. In addition, the waste water after greased by HLPS and its mixture werebetter than the commercial products.