| Fouling control was the important issue for the operation and design of MBR. It directly influenced the MBR energy consumption and operation.Membrane fouling would be greatly reduced by increasing the turbulence near membrane surfaces via enhancing aeration intensity or using helical baffles. A newly designed helical membrane served that purpose and achieved flux enhancement without increasing the aeration intensity or energy consumption.In this paper, the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique was used to demonstrate the difference in intensity and distribution of flow field/velocity vectors between the helical and the flat sheet membrane modules. The results showed that the helical membrane produced rotational flows near the membrane surface and enhanced the shearing rate/flow velocity. To further optimize the membrane geometries (dimensions and angles) and investigate the influence of membrane spacing and membrane piece numbers in a helical membrane module on its performance in filtering sludge suspensions in membrane bioreactor (MBR), various membrane modules were studied.The experimental results showed:to the single piece membrane module of different dimensions, the average flux of a helical membrane was17%-37.5%higher than that of a flat membrane. The more slender membranes had better fouling reduction and higher flux enhancement. For multi-piece membrane module,8piece helical modules enjoyed more favorable flow dynamics, great fouling reductions and an enhancement of the average flux over50%than the8piece flat module. An appropriate spacing and a lower trans-membrane pressure (TMP) was important for achieving higher permeate flux, and the use of flocculants significantly increased the sludge permeability and the permeate flux using the helical membrane in MBR. Finally the article put forward the idea of the application of helical membrane modules in MBR to treat the community sewage, and pointed out key problems which should be resolved in the future. |
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