Ecological Land Studies On The Southern Mountain Of Jinan City Based On Landscape Security Pattern

With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, construction of life andproduction demands for more and more land, making the ecological land that has importantecologically regulatory function constantly be destructed and encroached. Jinan famous for the"Spring City”and the southern mountain is the recharge area of groundwater for Jinan springcatchments. In recent years, with the economic development, population centers,transportation construction and real estate pillars, the south mountain of Jinan keepsconstruction companies busy, making the ecological land be seriously damaged and causingmany environmental problems, such as reduction of biodiversity, the decline of spring watersupply and soil erosion. To protect ecological land has important ecological significance toprotect and construct of ecological environment for the southern mountain and to maintain theJinan spring culture. So this paper selects the south mountain of Jinan for the study area tostudy the ecological land. The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1) Summarize the scholars study on the concept of ecological land classification andapplication and put forward the concept and content of the ecological land. Ecological land isa land type that has the natural ecological service function and the environmental regulationfunction for region where it is.(2) Based on the natural and social profile of the Jinan south mountain, the mainecological services functions of ecological land for the study area are as follows: First,ecological land can effectively improve the capacity of water conservation and protectgroundwater sources, and can control soil erosion. Second, ecological land can provide thenecessary water for urban operation. Third, ecological land can increase the biologicaldiversity, and maintain biodiversity and the living environment of a variety of organisms.Lastly, ecological land with functions of landscaping and enriching urban landscape canprovide people with recreation places.(3) With the primary data source of remote sensing image about the study area in 1995and 2004, on the support of remote sensing and geographic information systems software, the land use are classified as farmland, woodland, garden land, grassland, water area, constructionland and unused land, and land-use type maps of Jinan southern mountain are established.Then this paper measures the ecological services function value of land-use types in 1995 and2004. According to the calculation results and 10 scholars＇study, ecological lands of the studyarea are divided into woodland, grassland, garden land and water area, and they are contrastedwith the ecological land composition of the existing land classification system, and ecologicalland type maps of the Jinan south mountain are established.(4) Landscape indices of ecological land for the study area are analyzed using thesoftware FRAGSTATS3.3, and dynamic changes of ecological land pattern for the study areaare obtained by comparative analysis of the landscape indices in 1995 and 2004. The mainchanges are about the Class Area (CA), Number of Patches (NP), Perimeter Area FractalDimension (PAFRAC) and Splitting Index (SPLIT) of ecological land in the study area from1995 to 2004: woodland area is significantly reduced, and number of patches, perimeter areafractal dimension and splitting index increase, so woodland of the study area is downsizing,and shape is more irregular, and distribution is more discrete, and the degree of fragmentationis increasing; grassland area and the number of plaques increase, and splitting index decreases,the degree of fragmentation increases but spatial distribution tends to gather, and the increasesof perimeter area fractal dimension reflects that the grasslands shape is more irregular tostrengthen interaction with other neighboring patch types; garden area and number of patchesincrease, and perimeter area fractal dimension and splitting index reduce, reflecting that thegarden land is bad interfered and spatial distribution tends to aggregate while patch shapebecomes simpler; Class area of the water area is a slight increase, number of patches andperimeter area fractal dimension increase, and splitting index reduces, which reflects that theplaque shape is more complex and degree of polymerization of spatial distribution increases.So we can conclude that the ecological land of study area has problems as ecological land typeimbalance and uneven geographical distribution, strong human disturbance for landscape leveland high ecological sensitivity and ecological functions gradually weakened and increasinglyprominent ecological security problems.(5) Based on the landscape security pattern theory of Yu Kongjian, this paper analyzes theecological land protection for the south mountain of Jinan with RS and GIS techniques. First we construct water and soil conservation, water supply, recreation and biodiversity securitypatterns, and classify as low, medium and high safety level, and analyze conservationmeasures for grassland, woodland, garden and water area of various security levelsrespectively from water and soil conservation, water conservation and supply, scenic viewing,and bio-diversity conservation. And we superimpose the four security pattern to get thecomprehensive security pattern of the study area. After the comprehensive analysis of theregion ecological land, we see that the number and spatial configuration of ecological landshould also be done well; financial and technological investment should be added to improvetheir support ability of ecological security; public participation of ecological land protectionand construction should be improved.