Synthesis And Properties Of Hyperbranched Anti-Emulsifying Agent

Hyperbranched polymer is a kind of macromolecule building with branched unit, which can be prepared via monomer gradually increase route. Due to their unique chemical and physical properties as well as their potential applications, hyperbranched polymer has received much attention.For the hyperbranched polymer with hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties, the multibranched structure is propitious to changing the oil/water interfacial properties, and producing excellent demulsifying, anti-emusifying, and defoaming behavior. In this thesis, we synthesized a series hyperbranched polymer based on polyglycerol:(1) Synthesis of poly(propylene oxide)-poly(glycidol) hyperbranched polymer (PPG) with poly(propylene oxide) as a core.(2) Synthesis of poly(glycidol)-poly(propylene oxide) hyperbranched polymer (HGPP) with polyglycidol as a core.(3) The fluorine modification of hyperbranched polyglycidol (FHPG). All of the products are characterized by1H NMR,19F NMR,13C NMR, hydroxyl value, iodine value, cloud point, water number, anti-emulsifying evaluation, and interfacial behavior. The research results obtained are shown as follows:1.With increasing polyglycidol segments, the solubility of PPGs in oil is decline, HLB (Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) value increased, surface activity decreased, and the capability of anti-emulsifying improved. Increasing poly(propylene oxide) segments is propitious for improving the solubility of PPGs in oil and surface activity, but it is disadvantageous to anti-emulsifying performance.2.Both PPG and HGPP show a best anti-emulsifying behavior at a certain concentration. The interfacial tension in lubricating oil/water emulsion can not be effectively changed at lower concentration of PPG and HGPP, but high addition of polymer might promote the stability of emulsion as the interfacial tension decreasing. 3.Using2,2-difluoro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidine(DFI) as fluorinating agent, the hyperbranched polyglycerol(HPG) is fluorinated at the temperature range of-25℃-85℃. The extent of reaction between HPG and DFI increases with increasing temperature, and DFI-adduct was observed as a main product (FHPG). Moreover, higher reaction temperatures leads to an increase of the dehydration of hydroxyl group in HPG.4.For the existence of hydrophobic fluorinated group, FHPG show higher surface active properties than HPG. Comparing the adsorption kinetics parameters of FHPG and HPG at the air-liquid interface, the hydrophobic fluorinated groups of FHPG is helpful to generate a faster diffusion and reorganization process.5.The solubility of FHPG in oil is improved with increasing fluorinated group, but anti-emulsifying behavior is declined. However, the product synthesis at85℃with higher fluorinated extent show a better anti-emulsifying behavior. Dynamic surface tension and interface relaxation experiments indicated that the "hydrophobic-lipophobic" properties of fluorocarbon group and the hydrophilic core in FHPG might bring about the improvement of anti-emulsifying for the FHPG synthesized at85℃.