Distribution And Transport Of Heavy Metal In Youxi Lead-zinc Mine

With the rapid economic development of our society, the demand for mineral resources,a sharp increase in mining and processing a large number of heavy metals-rich waste,containing heavy metals pollutants into the soil through a variety of ways, resulting in seriouspollution of soil heavy metals. Heavy metal pollution not only affects yield and quality ofagricultural products and food chain accumulation of amplification can even be transformedinto more toxic compounds form a significant hazard to the mining area and the surroundingpeople’s lives and health, mine soil heavy metal pollution has become the current urgent needto address the major environmental issues.A large number of studies have shown that heavy metals can be spread through theatmosphere and settlement, dispersed to the surface of the soil, air, dust and water, because itis difficult to decompose gradually accumulated in the environment. Heavy metals in themigration process, its composition and chemical form of a series of changes, and there is abig difference between the different heavy metals, there must be specific migration andtransformation of the poisoning mechanism of the organism. Conducted extensive researchon soil heavy metal pollution has long been related to academics, but the distribution andmigration of heavy metals in the soil is not clear.In view of this, we have chosen the southern region representative Fujian Youxi lead andzinc, as a research object, to the abandoned smelter (West Coast town of Seven Mile villagesmelter), is producing the smelter (plum fairy town Chengming smelter) representative of thefour kinds of mining area of the concentrator and tailings repository (the county town tospend mouth Creek concentrator) and the mining area (plum fairy the the Zhenping Walledmining point) sources of pollution as the center, according to the actual situation, thehorizontal distance from the center50m,100m,200m,300m,500m,700m,1000m and1500m at the set7-8samples were collected at0-20cm,20-40cm,40-60cm layer of soilsamples, a total of357surface and profile soil samples. Soil samples of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cdcontent, and compare different sources of heavy metal contaminated soil differences, analysis of to explore the migration and transformation of heavy metals in mine soil for1year theYouxi Zn mining area and surrounding soil heavy metal pollution characteristics anddistribution of On this basis, the use of single-factor pollution index and Nemerow compositeindex method, the accumulation index and other methods to evaluate the mine soil heavymetal pollution, provide a scientific basis for the formulation of heavy metal contaminatedsoils early warning system for the establishment and governance measures. The resultsshowed that:Distribution characteristics of Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd in the surface soil (1) clearlydemonstrated decreased with distance from the pollution source center increases the contentof the law. Four types of sampling of heavy metals in the surrounding area in the200m as aclear, focused and serious pollution,300m outside of the pollutant concentration decreasedsignificantly. That the diverse sources of200m within the soil surface of heavy metalspollution in the production, processing, transport process, in addition to smoke outside,,superimposed obvious contaminants.(2)The sampling areas of different types of Pb and Zn in Cu and the of Cd4kinds ofheavy metal elements in the sphere of influence of Pb, Zn and Cd pollution in the scope ofmost of more than1500m, Cu pollution range is mostly less than1500m. Description of thePb, Zn and Cd more easily migrate through the atmosphere to the longer distances, the largersphere of influence, while Cu with less atmospheric transport.(3) Soil Distribution of heavy metals analysis found that the variation of the heavy metalcontent in the layers of soil input. Four kinds of heavy metal content decreased with soildepth showed variation at different distances0-20cm content quite different,20cm after thechange has slowed down, content plummeted,40cm below basically close to the control.Weak vertical migration of the four kinds of heavy metals in the soil.(4) Compared with the Fujian soil background values, most of the reached the severepollution of the soil layers of Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd content, the size of the degree of pollutionperformance of Cd> Pb> Zn> Cu. Soil heavy metals and pollution levels in each samplingarea there are significant differences in the slag heap Seven Mile Mei Heng smelter C thedirection of China mouth of the river below the tailings D direction, Ping Village C thedirection of soil pollution is most serious, the comprehensive pollution index respectively 1881.05,1332.05and963.67.(5)And three national soil quality standards, Seven Mile Mei Heng smelter accounted for65.6percent of each soil layer above the light pollution, accounting for52.08percent morethan the West Coast Chengming smelter mild soil pollution, flowers The mouth of the riverconcentrator (including the tailing pond) of each soil layer above the light pollutionaccounted for44.87%, accounting for45.24percent of Ping Village mining point of each soillayer above the light pollution. The performance of the degree of pollution: Seven Mile MeiHeng smelter> West Coast the the Chengming smelter> Ping Village mining sites> spendmouth Creek concentrator (including the tailings).(6) The climate characteristics of the study area and the space of soil heavy metaldistribution characteristics can be drawn the main source of heavy metals around the smelterchimney out of dust and smoke emissions, followed by the process of factory production,transportation and other dust and sewage; concentrator and the main source of heavy metalsin the tailings surrounding the exudate of the tailings, dust and particulates, concentratorproduction, transportation and other process water; main source of heavy metals in miningareas, mining slag heap leaching filtrate and mining dust in the transport process。...