Research On Novel Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials Based On Zintl Phase

The worldwide "Energy Crisis" makes people realize the limitation of "conventional energy". As the fossil energy sources such as petroleum and natural gas being consumed rapidly, the problem of energy sources attracts more and more attention. Exploration of new energy has become key of current energy research issues. Solar energy, as a reproducible clean energy, has exhibited many advantages over other energy sources. The conversion of sunlight to electrical power is an irreversible trend in the field of energy utilization. Many kinds of solar cell materials have been developed to utilize solar energy, such as Single Crystal Silicon, Polycrystal Silicon, and Composites films. Because of it’s a series of advantages, Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) has become a hot topic in solar cell field in recent years, which has very high theory conversion efficiency(as high as30%), very high absorption coefficient105magnitudes), long-term stability and good tolerance for defects and impurity.However, Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) films are deposited using vacuum-based techniques, such as evaporation or sputtering. One of advantage of these vapor-phase techniques is the versability afforded by the possible use of multiple evaporation/sputtering sources, thereby providing considerable control over the film composition and phase profile. But this kind of technique has various of disadvantages:vacuum conditions necessitate an evacuated confined space, which is not conductive to the cost-effective deposition of uniform films over large-area substrates. Vacuum-based techniques also generally suffer from relatively slow throughput, poor materials utilization (much of the deposited materials may end up on the chamber wall) and considerable expenditure to heat or sputter from the target sources. All these limit their scale production and universal application greatly. With the considerations of above problems, we utilized several soluble Zintl phases as precursors and develop new organic-inorganic hybrid materials through solution synthesis methods. The work can be mainly concluded as follows:(1) By utilizing the high-temperature on-stoichiometry solid-state reactions, we successfully synthesized several high-purity Zintl precursors:K2Sn4Se8and K4Sn3Se8.(2) Several organic-inorganic hybrid compounds,(R4N)2Sn4Se8and have been obtained from the solution reactions in enthylenediamine (en).(3) Through EDS, Far IR and Raman spectra, the composition of organic-inorganic hybrid compounds above are characterized and determined.(4) The band gap of these new materials have been measured through UV-vis absorption spectra. The results indicate the polyanions take priority over the organic cations on affecting the energy gaps of the materials.(5) Single crystal growth in several organic solutions, including mixed solvent of chloroform and methanol, has been attempted.